ha ha ha i am so scared.
maize
corn! NA societies were built around this. allowed people to settle societies w/o livestock
christian liberty
religious idea of liberty; freedom from sin is found through god. - pre Americas, religious tolerance was nonexistent
reconquista
spanish christian monarchs reconquer spain for christianity.
spain is now reunited, sponsors columbus
forced muslim/jews to leave spain or convert
columbian exchange
exchange of goods/ideas/diseases
caused the deaths of NA’s because of foreign diseases
encomienda system
spanish system of granting land to colonists in the new world
exploited natives/resources
system was abolished, replaced w a new one that gave more freedom
pueblo revolt
revolts from the native/mestizo people from New Mexico
only successful explusion of european settlers in north american history
native american religious practice trends
ceremonies, spiritual power, rituals etc.
black legend
propoganda that criticizes the Spanish empire
virginia company
joint stock company; colonized virginia
funded jamestown (helped nw europe like britian gain more power)
indentured servant
people who are basically servants, work for passage to the new world
headright system
land distribution system; people are given land to bring indentured servants/settlers
how colonies (like virginia company) made functional societies
house of burgesses
first elected govt body in the “US”
mayflower compact
one of the first examples of a contract system of govt for settlers
half-way covenant
purtian arrangement to baptize children; but they are not full members
women are more Puritans
lessens purism in new england
metacom/king phillip
leader of a Wampanoag resistance to colonial rule
created tensions in NA communities
navigation acts
formalzed mercantlism and led to english surpassing dutch in world trade
bacon’s rebellion
rebellion of poor white indentured servant; angry about uneven land distribution
attained rights for indentured servants
glorious revolution
reform of english govt; parliament has more power than crown
trend is reflected in colonies, catholics less power
crackdown on colonial authority
english bill of rights
laws passed by parliament to consolidate power of parliament/rights of englishmen
transatlantic slave trade
mass slave trade during the 1700/1800’s
reflects economic trends during this period/demand for labor increasing
middle passage
where African slaves crossed the Atlantic in slave ships under the harshest of conditions
republicanism
political system must be based upon rule of law, rights, soverignity of people. repersentation by common election is a central idea
liberalism
government is necessary to protect people from others, but it can be a threat. laws, judges, police are needed for individual life/liberty, but power must be limited to PUBLIC sphere. (social contract)
deference
assumption that wealth/education/social status meant you had public office
resulted in white rich landowning men in office
salutary neglect
colonies basically govern themselves!
led to rise of local government
american enlightment
logic > religion, john locke, newton. the individual and logics/science is more important than religion
ben franklin: poor richard/s almanac, stressed scientific method
first great awakening
oh no! the enlightenment! revival of christianity in response to the enlightenment, indiviual relationship w god.
albany plan of union
franklin proposed that we should united american colonies for defense/benefit (united states?!?!?!??!!?)
first proposal to create central unifying power between colonies
asiento system
foreign powers subcontract slaves to spanish america
helps formalize slavery in american colonies
virtual representation
british idea that a member of parliament represents the colony …. (weird)
another thing colonists were mad ab! no taxation w/o representation
boston massacre
british soliders vs american colonists, american colonists were allegedly peacefully protest. incites colonists anger
crispus attucks is the first to die here
boston tea party
sons of liberty dump silly pricy british tea into the harbor! oops!
common sense
written by thomas paine, laid out colonists grievances for public/british
very accessible for the common man
declaration of independence
formal declaration of independence from britian! jefferson/adams/franklin
american exceptionalism
america will be the revolutionary model/refugee for freedom. model for democratic societies in the future. (ends up influencing france/haiti/LA)
battle of saratoga
battle that convinces the french to intervene and support american colonists.
valley forge
campsite of washington’s army, very cold
ended up uniting the continental army
benedict arnold
american general who defected to the british, now a symbol of cowardice and treason
battle of yorktown
final battle of the revolution, ended the revolution
suffrage
the right to vote; american white landowning men were fighting for it
bill for establishing religious freedom
virginia state law that said jefferson is the model for seperation of church and state
republican motherhood
the idea that women play a special role in a democratic society; they must educate sons
gives women more of a role in the house