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Phonetics

is the study of the production and
perception of speech sounds.

Clinical Phonetics

involves the study and
transcription of speech sound disorders. Disordered
speech can be found in children or adults who may
have

had a hearing impairment, head trauma,
stroke, or fluency or phonological disorders.

Phonetics

study of speech sounds, their acoustic and
perceptual characteristics and how they are
produced by the speech organs

Phonology

linguistic rules that determine how
speech sounds are organized and combined into
meaningful units

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

1 sound = 1 symbol, Represents speech sounds, not spelling.

Dialect

is a variation of speech or language based on
geographical area, native language background, and
social or ethnic group membership.

Phonetic Alphabet

maintains a one-to-one
relationship between a sound and a particular
alphabet letter

Grapheme

printed alphabet letter

Allographs

are different letter sequences or
patterns that represent the same sound, for example

Digraphs

are pairs of letters that represent one
sound. Digraphs may be the same two letters (loose)
or two completely different letters (break).

Morpheme

is the smallest unit of language
capable of carrying meaning. Examples

Free Morphemes

Morphemes that can stand
alone and still carry meaning. Examples

Bound Morphemes

are bound to other words and
carry no meaning when they stand alone ex.

Phoneme

is an individual speech sound that is
capable of differentiating morphemes and therefore
is capable of distinguishing meaning

Diacritics

employed to indicate an alternate way of
producing a certain sound

Minimal Pairs

words that vary by only one phoneme in the
same word position.

Vowel Quadrilateral

is a drawing of a speaker’s mouth or
oral cavity. This is roughly based on tongue position
during vowel production.

Allophones

variant pronunciations of the same phoneme)

Complementary distribution

allophone production that
is tied to a particular phonetic environment

Free variation

allophone production that is NOT tied to a
particular phonetic environment

Onset

of a syllable consists of all the consonants that
precede a vowel (may be a single consonant or a consonant
cluster).

Rhyme

of a syllable is divided into two components, the
nucleus and the coda.

Open Syllables

are syllables that end with a vowel phoneme
(no coda).

Closed Syllables

are syllables with a coda, that is, those that
end with a consonant phoneme.

Diphthong

an individual phoneme containing two
vowels