IT Fundamentals Midterm #1 Review

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Computers today are more easily identifiable than computers in the past.

True or false

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False

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True or false:

Web developers and web administrators share most of the same tasks.

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False

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163 Terms

1
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Computers today are more easily identifiable than computers in the past.

True or false

False

2
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True or false:

Web developers and web administrators share most of the same tasks.

False

3
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An IT person would probably be expected to study each of the following topics except for ...

... networking.

The IT person would be expected to study them all.

... operating systems.

... ethics.

... programming.

The IT person would be expected to study them all.

4
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Which of the following behaviors might be considered as unethical from the position of a system administrator?

-All of the above

-Changing data files in the organization's system for one's own gain

-Accessing other people's files

-Reading employees' emails

-setting up backdoor accounts

All of the above

5
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If users use passwords containing non-alphabetic characters or a combination of upper and letter case letters, this ...

... helps users remember their passwords.

... promotes computer security.

... helps the system administrator track user access.

... helps the system administrator with troubleshooting.

... ensures proper file protection.

promotes computer security

6
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True or false:

System administrators should know more than one operating system.

True

7
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True or false:

It is the user who initiates when and what a computer should do.

True

8
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True or false:

System administrators will be expected to provide support in the form of documentation and training to the organization's users.

True

9
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The concept of translating a program from a more readable language like Python or Java into the computer's native machine language is called ...

... input.

... compilation.

... assembly.

... processing.

... storage.

compilation

10
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True or false:

The only difference between a handheld unit such as a tablet device or a smart phone differs from a laptop or desktop computer is that the laptop/desktop has full sized peripheral devices and the handheld unit uses touch screens.

False

11
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Which of the following is the largest storage capacity?

4 Gigabytes

100 Megabytes

1,000,000 bits

10,000 Kilobytes

3,000,000 bytes

4 Gigabytes

12
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True or false:

If a device performs the IPOS cycle, we should consider it to be a computer no matter what the device is.

True

13
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An IT person in general would not be expected to handle which of the following tasks?

Monitor employees' files and web browsing behavior to ensure compliance with organizational IT policies

Be on call 24/7

All of the above are tasks that an IT person might be asked to perform.

Train other employees

Make recommendations on computer purchases

Monitor employees' files and web browsing behavior to ensure compliance with organizational IT policies

14
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A security administrator would be responsible for administering which of the following?

A website

A database server

An operating system

A firewall

A web server

A firewall

15
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A computer system consists of the hardware, software and ...

... users.

... network.

... periferal devices.

... programs.

All of the above

Users

16
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True or false:

As an IT person, one should be someone who enjoys learning on your own.

True

17
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True or false:

A smart phone should not be considered a computer.

False

18
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Detecting that a computer is running slowly because of a computer virus infection would be an

example of which type of IT skill?

Software installation

Troubleshooting

Knowledge of operating systems

System-level programming

System security

Troubleshooting

19
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Which of the following skills would an IT person employ to find and fix a problem with the operating system?

System security

Soft skills

Hardware troubleshooting

System level programming

System troubleshooting

System troubleshooting

20
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Volatility is a property of which of the following?

All of the above

Memory

Processors

Users

Hard disk storage

Memory

21
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True or false:

As computer technology has improved and thus become more complex, the ability to use the computer has been made easier.

True

22
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The system administrator is responsible for each of the following tasks except...

... securing a website.

... training users.

... updating the operating system.

... installing software.

... troubleshooting hardware

securing a website

23
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True or false:

Although an IT student may not learn a variety of programming languages, it is likely that the IT student will learn to program.

True

24
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True or false:

You can store a number between 0 and 255 in 1 bit.

False

25
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Which of the following could be called a peripheral device?

Printer

Power supply unit

Memory chips

Memory

CPU

Printer

26
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True or false:

Most people who work in IT have 4-year IT degrees.

False

27
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Which of the following types of files would come closest to about 1 MByte in size?

A long song stored in an mp3 file

A textfile with 1 page of text

A highly compressed movie

A small black and white image file

An uncompressed movie

A small black and white image file

28
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True or false:

The system administrator of a company would not be responsible for installing software on individual employee's computers.

False

29
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True or false:

Organizations typically only have one system administrator who will be responsible for all aspects of administering the computer systems.

False

30
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The system unit houses the CPU and memory chips, all placed on ...

... ROM.

None of the above, the system unit houses the CPU but not memory.

... a motherboard.

... a monitor.

... an expansion slot.

a motherboard

31
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True or false:

The process and the program are the same; the two terms can be used interchangeably.

False

32
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If a process generates an address that is part of another process' area of memory, this is known as ...

... a page fault.

... a context switch.

... a memory violation.

... an interrupt.

None of the above: this is not possible.

a memory violation

33
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If an entry in a page table is listed as not valid, then accessing that page will cause ...

... a page fault.

... the system to reboot.

... a logical error.

... a run-time error.

... a core file to be generated.

a page fault

34
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True or false:

While any device can issue an interrupt, it is the operate system that handles interrupts.

True

35
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True or false:

In a batch processing system, the operating system would have to schedule the next process to execute.

True

36
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Concurrent processing means that the operating system executes processes in an overlapped fashion, which of the following is not a form of concurrent processing?

multitasking

multiprogramming

batch processing

multiprocessing

All of the above are forms of concurrent processing.

batch processing

37
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Where is swap space located?

flash drive

CPU

hard disk

DRAM

SRAM

hard disk

38
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True or false:

The foreground process is the one that the user can directly interact with.

True

39
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During a context switch, what is being switched?

all of the above

one process' register values for another

one process' data for another

one process' priority for another

one process' pages for another

all of the above

40
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True or false:

A virtual machine is hardware.

False

41
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Two threads will always share the same ...

... data.

... program code.

All of the above

... path through the program code.

... register values.

program code

42
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When two threads need to "meet up" in order to share data, this is known as ...

... an interrupt.

... interval.

... a deadlock.

... synchronization event.

... rendezvous.

rendezvous

43
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True or false:

Cooperative multitasking and competitive multitasking are the same thing.

False

44
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Which of the following forms or process management did MS-DOS use?

Single tasking

Multiprogramming

Batch

Multitasking

Double tasking

Single tasking

45
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True or false:

The GUI is both easier to use and provides the user with greater flexibility in issuing instructions while the command line provides the user with the opportunity to write more detailed commands and so is more powerful.

False

46
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The use of permissions to control who/what can and who/what cannot access and use system resources is part of which of these operating system roles?

Security

Memory management:

Protection

Resource management

Process management

Protection

47
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Which of the following forms of scheduling will cause processes to wait the minimum amount of time?

Longest job first

Shortest job first

First come first serve

Round robin

Priority

Shortest job first

48
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Which portion of the operating system can be personalized by the user.

the device drivers

system utilities

the shell

the kernel

None of the above: the user is unable to personalize any part of the operating system.

the shell

49
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The portion of the operating system that must be resident in memory at all times is ...

... the kernel.

... the GUI.

... system utilities.

... virtual machines.

... the device drivers.

the kernel

50
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GRUB is an example of ...

... an operating system.

... an operating system kernel.

... a boot loader program.

... an initialization script.

... a BIOS.

a boot loader program

51
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Which of these hardware devices can force the processor to move from one process to another in multitasking?

timer

status flags

redy queue

stack pointer

program counter

program counter

52
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The process of swapping is triggered under which circumstance?

an interrupt

a process resumes from waiting for I/O

a page fault

a cache miss

a context switch

a page fault

53
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What does an interrupt interrupt?

the CPU during its fetch-execute cycle

a memory access

any type of storage or input/output operation

It could interrupt any of the above.

the operating system

the CPU during its fetch-execute cycle

54
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In Linux, the administrator account is called ...

... main account.

... administrator.

... root.

... #.

... general account.

root

55
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Bourne is an example of a Linux ...

... utility program.

... device driver.

... kernel.

... GUI.

... shell.

shell

56
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True or false:

With virtual memory, only portions of the running program are stored in memory.

True

57
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In order for the operating system to be able to communicate with a specific piece of hardware, one must install the appropriate ...

... cache.

... kernel.

... shell.

... device driver.

... interpreter.

device driver

58
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. If two processes are deadlocked, what is your best move to free them from deadlock?

Reboot all of the resources

Kill all running processes

Reboot the computer

Kill one of the processes

Wait until the deadlock resolves itself, which should only take a few seconds

Kill one of the processes

59
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True or false:

A multithreaded operating system is more efficient than a multitasking operating system when executing threads.

True

60
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Which form of processing would run one process at a time, but when that process requires I/O, the CPU would switch temporarily to another process?

Multimediality

Multithreading

Multitasking

Single tasking

Multiprocessing

Multitasking

61
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When the CPU moves from one process to another in multitasking, this is known as ...

... timer interrupt.

... a stack access.

... synchronization.

... a context switch.

... interprocess communication.

a context switch

62
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Which of the following forms of processing does not provide any form of interaction with the user but instead requires I/O be handled before/after program execution?

Multithreading

Multiprogramming

Batch

Single tasking

Multitasking

Multiprogramming

63
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Which of the following is true in competitive multitasking?

-None of the above: the CPU does not switch between processes during multitasking.

-The CPU switches between processes when a timer forces a context switch.

-The CPU switches between processes randomly.

-The CPU switches between processes at the user's request.

-The CPU switches between processes only when a process needs I/O.

The CPU switches between processes when a timer forces a context switch.

64
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True or false:

The operating system is software.

True

65
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To determine where a given page is stored in memory, the operating system uses ...

... the page table.

... cache.

... synchronization.

... the file allocation table.

... device drivers.

the page table

66
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Files are broken into fixed sized units called ...

... pointers.

... partitions.

... pages.

... breaks.

... blocks.

blocks

67
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True or false:

In both Windows and Linux, partitions are denoted by using different letters as in C: and D:.

False

68
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Which of the following files stores user account information?

/etc/shadow

/etc/passwd

/etc/users

/etc/shell

/etc/sudoers

/etc/passwd

69
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In Linux, the system administrator's home directory is stored under ...

/home

/root

/sys

/sbin

/bin

/root

70
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True or false:

In Linux, you have one inode for every file and directory in your file system.

True

71
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Mounting ...

... alters a file's location in the file system.

... makes a partition available.

... removes a partition.

... moves a directory from one location to another.

... converts a soft link to a hard link.

makes a partition available.

72
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Under which Linux top-level directory would you find most of the configuration files?

/usr

/var

/home

/bin:

/etc

/etc

73
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True or false:

All files have names although the extension is not required.

True

74
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True or false:

Disk access time is slower than memory access time.

True

75
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In Linux, a soft link is called ...

an alias

a shortcut icon

a pointer

None of the above: Linux does not have soft links, it only has hard links.

a symbolic link

a symbolic link

76
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The time it takes the read/write head to move across the disk to the proper track is called ...

... traversal time.

... access time.

... seek time.

... rotational delay (or rotational latency).

... transfer time.

seek time

77
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In Linux, devices like the disk drives, USB drives, network devices and monitor are treated as files. These "files" are stored under which directory?

/mnt

/bin

/sbin

/etc

/dev

/dev

78
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In a linked list, to reach the 5th block, how many links do you have to follow?

4

5

2

0

1

4

79
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True or false:

We view the file system from a physical perspective while the operating system manipulates it from a logical perspective.

False

80
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True or false:

User passwords are not actually stored in the /etc/passwd file.

True

81
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The zip and tar programs can be used to create ...

... lossy compressed files.

... archives.

... partitions.

... directories.

... copies of files.

archives

82
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Under which Linux top-level directory would you find the user directories?

/home

/bin

/usr

/etc

/var

/home

83
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True or false:

You can separately mount and unmount each individual partition.

True

84
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The /proc top level directory is different from most other Linux top level directories because it ...

... is not stored on disk but instead stored in memory.

... is writeable by both root and all users.

None of the above: there is nothing different about /proc from other top-level directories.

... never changes so it never has to be backed up.

... is only used if your computer has multiple processors.

is not stored on disk but instead stored in memory.

85
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The file system for Windows and Linux are "shapes" like a ...

... window.

... well.

... tree.

... disk.

... building.

tree

86
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In Linux, you would expect to find many of the system administrator programs stored under ...

/root

/sbin

/var

/boot

/bin

/sbin

87
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File name extensions are primarily used ...

All of the above

... by the user to know how recent the file is.

... by the user to know whether the file can be executed or not.

... by the operating system to know what software to use to open the file.

... by the system administrator to ensure the file is properly protected.

by the operating system to know what software to use to open the file.

88
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Which of the following files stores the currently mounted file systems (partitions) in Linux?

/etc/mtab

/etc/fstab

/etc/sudoers

/etc/motd

/etc/resolv.conf

/etc/mtab

89
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With file blocks distributed across the file system instead of being stored in consecutive disk blocks, accessing the file requires traversing the blocks creating what one might call a ...

... track trail.

... partition.

... directory/subdirectory structure.

... breadcrumb trail.

... linked list.

linked list

90
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Which of the following Linux commands is like the DOS command dir?

rm

dir

car

ls

mv

ls

91
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In file compression, lossy compression ...

... reduces the file size by discarding some of the data.

... reduces the file size but requires uncompression the file before its contents can be viewed/used.

... reduces the file size by eliminating unnecessary content.

... increases the file size by uncompression portions of it.

... increases the file size by inserting additional data.

reduces the file size by discarding some of the data.

92
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In Windows, the Programs top level directory stores applications software. In Linux, the equivalent directory is ...

/var

/etc

/bin

/usr

/home

/usr

93
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In order to determine which directory you are currently in, which commands would you use respectively in Windows and Linux?

ls in Windows and pwd in Linux

where in Windows and pwd in Linux

nothing in Windows, and pwd in Linux

pwd in Windows and nothing in Linux

pwd in both

nothing in Windows, and pwd in Linux

94
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If a hard disk contains 4 platters, how many read/write heads will the hard disk contain?

1

16

2

8

4

8

95
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True or false:

A hard link in a file system points at the file while a soft link points at a file's directory entry.

True

96
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True or false:

. To create a directory, both Linux and DOS use mkdir

True

97
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Which of the following tasks would not be possible for a system administrator to do on the file system?

All of the above are possible.

Mount and unmount specific partitions

Encrypt portions of the file system

Establish disk quotas

Add remote storage to be accessed over network

All of the above are possible.

98
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In DOS, which of the following symbols is used to denote a directory in a path?

/

..

\

C:

~

\

99
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The surface of a hard disk is broken into which types of regions?

sectors and blocks

tracks and sectors

tracks and segments

blocks (only)

blocks and partitions

tracks and sectors

100
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In the Linux useradd instruction, which option would you use to add the user to a number of existing groups?

-g

-G

-a

-s

-o

-G