EXSC187 | Growth, Motor Development & Aging | Module 1

Only Module 1

accretion

increase in amount of cells

maturation

process of progressing to a mature state

hyperplasia

increase in the number of cells

development

refinement of behaviour

hypertrophy

increase in the size of cells

maturity

reaching a mature state

Proximodistal

Trunk grows first, then to the rest of the body

Cephalocaudal

Head grows first, then rest of body

zygote

the fertilized egg that develops into an embryo

Endoderm Layer

• Digestive systems

• Liver

• Pancreas

• Lungs (Inner Layers)

• Respiratory track lining

Mesoderm Layer

• Circulatory Systems

• Lungs (epithealial layer)

• Skeletal Systems

• Muscular Systems

Ectoderm Layer

• Hair

• Nails

• Skin

• Nervous System

gonald

Refers to the primary reproductive organs, which are the testes in males and the ovaries in females

Pre-natal

1st 10 months

Infancy

• Perinatal - around birth

• neonatal - 1st month

• Postnatal - 2-12 months

Neurulation

Neural plate becoming a neural tube

Notochord

Exists in neurulation, however later becomes the spinal chord

sex of the child determined

• From the Y Chromosome, there is a sex-determining gene (SRY for short), which differentiates the gonads into testes

  • If at week 13, the SRY Gene is missing, the gonads become ovaries

Low birth weight

<1,500g

Teratogens

drug/chemical agent causes abnormal prenatal development upon exposure

Main teratogens

• smoking

• alcohol

• enviroment (e.g. polluted air)

• Medication

• Sickness whilst carrying child

relaxin

• hormone produced in the placenta

• loosens up joints to prepare for childbirth

Gestational diabetes (GDM)

Condition that occurs when a pregnant woman's body doesn't produce enough insulin

Preeclampsia (PA)

Pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine

hypertension

• Also known as high blood pressure

• condition where the force of blood against your artery walls is consistently too high

adipose tissue

• white

• brown