Linguistic Purism

What is purism?

when part of a speaker community sees features as undesirable and tries to eradicate them

3 ways of identifying Fremdwörter

syllable structure, prosody, phonology

How many speakers would’ve been able to understand Fremdwörter in the 1800s?

less than 5%

1 extralinguistic factor in Fremdwortpurismus in C19th

development of Bildungsbürgertum

What did General Postmaster Heinrich von Stephan do? + 2 examples

he decreed 800 Germanic replacements for French loans, e.g. avancement > Beförderung, passagierbillet > Fahrschein

When was the Allgemeiner Deutscher Sprachverein founded?

1885

How did the ADSV describe itself?

SA der Muttersprache

When was the Verein Deutscher Sprache founded and by whom?

1997 by Walter Krämer

Who founded Austria’s Verein Muttersprache in 1949?

Tekusch

What did Tekusch believe in?

Sprachechtheit

What did Eduard Blocher found in 1904?

deutschschweizerischer Sprachverein

example of Latin in OHG

gisegenot < signum

Who says Fremdwortpurismus is part of Kulturpessimismus?

Milroy and Milroy (1999)

How many members does the Verein für deutsche Sprache have today?

38,000

2 ways of criticising language

Sprachverwendungskritik and Sprachstrukturkritik

2 assumptions of language purism

languages are discrete entities and languages can decay

2 examples of non-Fremdwort-based purism

North Frisian, Low German

North Frisian example with reflexive pronoun

hi twait ham/sik “he washes himself”

What did Johann Heinrich Campe say about loan words?

they should be translated so peasants can participate in politics

3 fields of aims of purism

science, literature, clarity

What did Austrian lawyer Johann Balthasar von Antesperg do in 1749?

made a list of easily confusable words, e.g. Ofen (Feuerkasten) vs offen (aufgeschlossen)

What does Schwinn (2018) say about the history of purism?

3 stages: against French and Latin, transition, against Fremdwörter