CSUF Biol 151 Exam 3: Part 1

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Study Set for Photosynthesis, Glycolysis, and Cellular Respiration

Biology

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68 Terms

1
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Why is oxygen required for cellular respiration

It is the final electron acceptor

2
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True or False: Glucose is the energy source for all cells

True

3
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What does the Thylakoid Membrane act as?

It acts as the surface for light aborption and forms a compartment whose interior is called a lumen

4
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What is the stroma?

the liquid interior of the chloroplast

5
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Thylakoids are similar to what membrane in the Mitochondria

the inner membrane

6
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What do light dependent reactions produce

ATP and NADPH

7
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What does non cyclic photosynthesis produce?

Both ATP and NADPH

8
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What does photosystem 2 do in non-cyclic photosynthesis?

usees electrons to produce an H+ gradient for making ATP

9
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What does Photosystem 1 do in non- cyclic photosynthesis?

uses electrons to produce NADPH

10
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What does cyclic photosynthesis produce?

Only ATP

11
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What photosystem is used in cyclic photosynthesis and what does it do?

Photosystem 1, it uses electrons to produce an H+ gradient for making ATP

12
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What does the thylakoid membrane hold?

collections of pigment molecules that can absorb and transfer the energy from light

13
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True or false: The energy in light is captured by the head of a pigment molecule

True

14
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True or False: Pigments absorb the same wavelength of light

False, they absorb light of various wavelengths

15
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What is transferred through an electron transport chain?

Excited electrons

16
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What does the transfer of excited electrons generate?

an H+ gradient that is used by ATP synthase to make ATP

17
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What does reduced mean?

it gains electrons

18
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What do oxidized reaction center pigments need to be in order to keep functioning

reduced

19
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What is the function of a pigment molecule?

To absorb light energy

20
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Do plant cells need mitochondria

Yes

21
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What does carbon fixation use

chemical energy to form the covalent bonds of glucose

22
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Where do the three phases of the calvin cycle take place

the stroma of chloroplasts

23
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What does the calvin cycle lead to

the production of glucose

24
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Calvin cycle step 1

Rubisco catalyzes the first step, which is RuBP joining with CO2 to form 3-PGA

25
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Calvin cycle step 2

ATP and NADPH provide the energy to convert 3-PGA to G3P

26
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Calvin cycle step 3

5 out of 6 G3P go back into the cycle while one G3P exits- this is the net product of the Calvin Cycle

27
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Calvin cycle step 4

ATP is used to convert G3P to RuBP and the cycle continues

28
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What is the output of the calvin cycle

G3P, which is used to make glucose

29
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True or false: Rubisco is fast and specific

False, it is slow and not very specific

30
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What do C4 plants do

control where rubisco and carbon fixation occurs

31
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What do CAM Plants do

control when rubisco and carbon fixation occur

32
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Where do autotrophs get their supply of glucose

by making it

33
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What are the two forms of energy

ATP and NADH

34
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What makes up ATP and what is it used for

Adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphate groups. It is for immediate use

35
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Where is energy in ATP primarily stored

the covalent bonds that link the phosphate groups

36
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Is NADH for immediate use or use later?

Use later

37
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How is NADH made

electrons are transferred from a molecule to NAD+, which reduces it to NADH

38
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What is glycolysis

A series of reactions that provide energy to the cell through the conversion of glucose into pyruvate

39
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What is central to a cells metabolism

glycolysis

40
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What is the first step in cell metabolism

glycolysis

41
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What does glycolysis produce

pyruvate

42
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Pyruvate is used in what 2 things

fermentation and citric cycle/ etc

43
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What is anaerobic respiration

ATP production with no oxygen available, fermentation

44
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What is aerobic respiration

ATP production when oxygen is present

45
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Where does glycolysis occur (organisms)

in all living things

46
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Where does glycolysis occur (cellular level)

in the cytoplasm

47
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What does glycolysis begin with

an energy investment phase of 2 ATP

48
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What are the net products of glycoysis

two molecules of pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH

49
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How is ATP formed

substrate level phosphorylation

50
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What is glucose regulated by

feedback inhibition

51
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What does fermentation use

pyruvate and NADH

52
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What kind of fermentation occurs in humans

lactic acid fermentation

53
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What kind of fermentation occurs in yeast

alcohol fermentation

54
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Where does cellular respiration occur

the mitochondria

55
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Where does fermentation occur

the cytoplasm

56
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True or false: pyruvate only moves into the mitochondria if O2 is available

true

57
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Pyruvate oxidation results in the formation of what

Acetyl CoA

58
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What reactions does Acetyl CoA enter into

The Krebs Cycle or the Citric Acid Cycle

59
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Where do all reactions of the Krebs cycle take place

the Mitochondrial Matrix

60
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What are the products of the Krebs cycle

CO2, NADH, FADH2, and ATP

61
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What does the ETC result in

the production of a hydrogen ion concentration gradient

62
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What makes a lot of ATP using the H+ Gradient

ATP Synthase

63
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True or false: One hydrogen ion results in the production of one ATP

True

64
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What molecules are used in electron transport at the inner mitochondrial membrane

NADH and FADH2

65
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How much ATP does the Krebs cycle yield

2 ATP

66
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How much ATP does the ETC yield

26

67
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How much ATP is produced per glucose molecule

30 ATP

68
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True or false: eukaryotes are the only cells that use cellular respiration for ATP

False, prokaryotes also do it using the cell plasma membrane