Psychoanalysis After Freud

Questionable Neo-Freudian Ideas

Rebirthing therapy & recovery of repressed memories

Constructive memory

memory contributes to or influences in various ways what is recalled. most modern cognitive psychologist believe that false memories can occur

False Memories

25-50% of people are susceptible to false memories

Can have real repercussions

False Memories and Personality

Positive correlation between openness and susceptibility to false memories This suggests that individuals with higher levels of openness to experience may be more likely to create or accept inaccurate recollections.

Who is most susceptible to false memories

people with combinations of traits such as high cooperativeness, high reward dependence, and high self- directedness were especially vulnerable to false memories

who came up with the feminist interpretation of psychoanalysis

Karen Horney

what was the main theme for the feminist interpretation of psychoanalysis

revised theory of ‘penis envy’ to the idea that penis is a symbol of social power rather than someone women actually physically desire

men were envious of the female ability to give birth

What is the personality model based on coping

moving forward - connecting with others to reduce anxiety

moving against - using exploitation and aggressiveness to gain control

moving away - finding peace by avoiding others and escaping conflict

Psychosocial development

many conflicts are conscious and arise at various life stages

Stage 1 of psychosocial development

Trust vs. Mistrust

learn if needs will be met, ignored, or overindulged /development of hope and confidence

stage 2 of psychosocial development

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

figuring out who is in charge / might lead to anal characters proposed by Freud

stage 3 of psychosocial development

Initiative vs. Guilt

anticipating and fantaszing about life as an adult / developing a sense of right and wrong

stage 4 of psychosocial development

Industry vs. Inferiority

develop skills and abilities to succeed in the world of work and contribute to society / must begin to control imagination

stage 5 of psychosocial development

Identity vs. Role Confusion

figure out who you are and what is important / choose consisten, meaningful, and useful values and goals

stage 6 of psychosocial development

Intimacy vs. Isolation

find an intimate life partner / share important experiences and further development

Stage 7 of psychosocial development

Generativity vs. Stagnation

turn concerns to the next generation or become passive

Stage 8 of psychosocial development

Integrity vs. Despair
brought on by the prospect of death / based on feelings about one’s life

What were Erkison’s major contributions of Psychosocial development

based on the stucture of society and developmental tasks

life-span development

What were the results of Harlow’s study on infant attachment

contact comfort is critical to attachment

Object Relations theory

emphasizes social relationships and their origins in childhood

• emotionally important people called objects

• we relate to others via the images of them in our minds

• the images do not always match reality

What are attachment styles

the expectations people develop about relationships with others- based on relationship they have with their primary caregiver when they were inants

what are the attachment styles

Anxious/ambivalent - higher levels of anxiety / concern of what others will not reciprocate

Avoidant - find it difficult to develop intimate relationships / suppression of attachment needs since they have been pushed aside in the past

Secure - rooted in trust and marked by intimacy / lack of concern with being abandoned

What is transference

Applying old patterns of behavior and emotions to new relationships

Adult attachment patterns

generally stable, but situation/relationship specific

What are the adult attachment pairs

easiest pair = secure + secure

hardest pair = anxious + avoidant