CHAP21

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16 Terms

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Ischemia

Deficient supply of oxygenated arterial blood to a tissue caused by obstruction of a blood vessel.

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Affects noncoronary arteries and usually refers to arteries supplying the limbs.

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Capacitance vessels

Veins are called this due to their ability to stretch.

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Incompetent valves

Dilated and tortuous (varicose veins) wherein the lumen is so wide that the valve cusps cannot approximate.

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Lymphatic system functions

Conserves fluid and plasma proteins, forms a major part of the immune system, and absorbs lipids from the small intestine.

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Right lymphatic duct

Empties into the right subclavian vein.

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Thymus gland

An organ related to the immune system that plays a role in the development of T-lymphocytes.

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Claudication distance

The number of blocks walked or stairs climbed to produce pain.

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Modified Allen test

Used to evaluate the adequacy of collateral circulation before cannulating the radial artery.

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Pitting edema

Edema that can be graded based on indentation depth and duration.

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Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

A noninvasive way to determine the extent of peripheral arterial disease.

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Raynaud's Phenomenon

Episodes of abrupt, progressive tricolor changes in the fingers in response to cold, vibration, or stress.

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Aneurysms

A sac formed by dilation in the artery wall.

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Occlusions

Caused by atherosclerosis, which is the chronic gradual buildup of fatty streaks, fibroid plaque, calcification of the vessel wall, and thrombus formation.

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Leg ulcers

Wounds on the leg that can be arterial, venous, or neuropathic in nature.

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Deep Vein Thrombophlebitis

Deep vein occluded by a thrombus, causing inflammation, blocked venous return, cyanosis, and edema.