Mental Health Medications (Part 3)

haloperidol, perphenazine, chlorpromazine, fluphenazine (drug class)

1st gen antipsychotics

clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, lurasidone, aripiprazole, brexpiprazole (drug class)

2nd gen antipsychotics

what do 1st gen antipsychotics do?

halt dopamine

what do 2nd gen antipsychotics do?

halt dopamine and serotonin

what type of antipsychotic has more side effects and is older than the other?

1st gen antipsychotics

photosensitivity, weight gain, sedation, constipation, dry mouth, urinary retention, pseudo diabetes, blurry vision, tardive dyskinesia, extrapyramidal symptoms (side effects)

1st gen antipsychotics

True or False: All antipsychotics raise blood sugar.

True

what 3 components make up extrapyramidal symptoms?

dystonic reaction, pseudoparkinsonism, akathisia

what extrapyramidal symptom includes major spasms of the muscles in the eyes and neck?

dystonic reaction

what extrapyramidal symptom includes having symptoms of Parkinson’s, but not having it?

pseudoparkinsonism

what extrapyramidal symptom includes the inability to remain still?

akathisia

True or False: Extrapyramidal symptoms are usually found late after starting antipsychotics, and they are irreversible.

False

muscle spams of the neck

torticollis

what is diphenhydramine and benztropine IV treatment for?

dystonic reaction

what is the treatment for pseudoparkinsonism?

none, keep them safe

what is the treatment for akathisia?

beta blockers

symptoms of muscle rigidity, leukocytosis, high muscle enzymes, & high fever while taking antipsychotics most likely means what?

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

are 1st gen antipsychotics typical or atypical?

typical

are 2nd gen antipsychotics typical or atypical?

atypical

what is agranulocytosis?

lack of WBC

what drug carries the highest risk for agranulocytosis?

clozapine

what labs are required every 6 weeks while taking clozapine?

absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

True or False: Tardive dyskinesia is found late in taking antipsychotics and is irreversible.

True

what is tardive dyskinesia?

abnormal, involuntary movements