chapter 12: the integumentary system

Erythroderma

(er-rith-roh-DER-mah)

Abnormal redness of the entire skin surface

Urticaria

AKA hives, are itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction

Seborrhea

Overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum

Onychia

(oh-NICK-ee-ah)

AKA onychitis, is an inflammation of the bed of the nail that often results in the loss of the nail

Scabies

Skin infection caused by an infestation of itch mites

Furuncles

(FYOU-rung-kulz)

AKA boils, is large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphylococcal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands

Hirsutism

The presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern

Folliculitis

Inflammation of the hair follicles. This condition is especially common on arms, legs, and in the beard area of men

Xeroderma

AKA xerosis, is excessively dry skin

Dysplastic

Atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer

Cicatrix

(sick-AY-tricks)

A normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound

Lipoma

A benign fatty tumor under the skin that causes a bump

Onychocryptosis

(on-ih-koh-krip-TOH-sis)

Ingrown toenail

Comedo

Noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle often associated with acne vulgaris

Verrucae

(veh-ROO-kee)

AKA warts, small & hard skin lesions caused by the human papillomavirus

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk

Paronychia

(par-oh-NICK-ee-ah)

An acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around a nail

Scleroderma

Autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen

Hematoma

Usually caused by an injury. Swelling of clothes blood trapped in the tissues

Petechiae

Very small, pin point hemorrhages

Chloasma

AKA melasma or the make of pregnancy, is a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face

Papilloma

It’s a benign, superficial, wart like growth in the epithelial tissue or elsewhere in the body, such as in the bladder

Papule

Small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5cm in diameter and does not contain pus

Necrotizing fasciitis

AKA flesh eating bacteria, can destroy body tissue and be fatal

Purulent

Producing or containing pus

Wheal

AKA a welt, a small bump that itches

Koilonychia

(koy-loh-NICK-ee-ah)

AKA spoon nail. Is a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon

Rosacea

AKA adult acne

Carbuncle

A cluster of connected furuncles

Capillary hemangioma

AKA strawberry birthmark, is a soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark

Pruritus

AKA itching, associated with dermatitis

Diaphoresis

Profuse sweating

Psoriasis

A common skin disorder characterized by flare ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks

Purpura

(PUR-pew-rah)

The appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin

Blepharoplasty

Surgical reduction of the upper abdomen lower eyelids by removing sagging skin

Actinic keratosis

A precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun damaged skin

Bulla

Larger blister that is larger than ½ cm in diameter

Vitiligo

A skin condition resulting from the destruction of the melanocytes due to unknown causes

Keratosis

Skin growth, such as a wart or callus

Icthyosis

(ick-thee-OH-sis)

A group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin

Rhytidectomy

(rit-ih-DECK-toh-mee)

AKA face lift, is the surgical removal of excess skin and fat from the face to eliminate wrinkles

Dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin

Keloid

Abnormally raised or thickened scar

Malignant melanoma

Type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes

Impetigo

Highly contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

Debridement

Removal of dirt to prevent infection and promote healing

Albinism

A genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or the absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises of the eyes

Onychomycosis

Fungal infection of the nail

Tinea

Fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, or nails

Ecchymosis

(eck-ih-MOH-sis)

AKA bruise. A large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under skin.

Pediculosis

Infestation with lice

Pustule

Pimple

Erythema

Redness of the skin due to capillary dilation

Exanthem

Widespread rash

ichthy

dry or scaly

koil

hollow or concave

rhytid/o

Wrinkle

-edema

swelling

scler/o

hard

hem/o, hemat/o

blood

cutane/o

skin

hidr/o

sweat

xer/o

dry

onych/o

fingernail or toenail

papill

resembling a nipple

py/o

pus

blephar/o

eyelid

urtic/o

rash

kel/o

growth or tumor

ecchym

pouring out of juice

dermat/o

skin

pil/o, pil/i

hair

hidr/o

sweat

hirsut/o

hairy

lip/o

fat

onych/o

nail

alopec

baldness

phor/o

carry, bear, movement

kerat/o

horny, hard

melan/o

black, dark

myc/o

fungus

seb/o

Sebum

angi

blood or lymp vessels