Plant Reproduction and Life Cycle

Flashcards on key concepts of plant reproduction and life cycles, focusing on alternation of generations, asexual vs sexual reproduction, and pollination.

Plants can reproduce __ or sexually.

asexually

Asexual reproduction produces __, which are genetically identical copies of the parent plant.

clones

Mature seeds can form without fertilization by __.

apomixis

Asexual reproduction has downsides, such as a lack of __ diversity.

genetic

Alternation of generations involves a multicellular haploid phase called the __.

gametophyte

The multicellular diploid phase in the alternation of generations is known as the __.

sporophyte

Sporophyte produces haploid __ by meiosis.

spores

Two gametes unite during __ to form a diploid zygote.

fertilization

In gymnosperms, female gametophytes are retained in the __.

ovary

The __ is the reproductive organ that contributes to the success of angiosperms.

flower

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from an __ to a stigma.

anther

Fruits aid in __ and protecting seeds from physical damage.

seed dispersal

The __ is a sticky tip that receives pollen in flowers.

stigma

A flower that has both stamens and carpels is a __ flower.

perfect

The two types of spores in heterospory are __ and megaspores.

microspores

Dispersal of seeds by animals is often facilitated by __ fruits.

fleshy

Insect-pollinated flowers often exhibit characteristics associated with __ pollination syndromes.

mutualistic

Natural selection favors adaptations in flowers that attract specific __.

pollinators

Characteristics associated with certain pollinators are called __.

pollination syndromes

A gametophyte-dominant life cycle is found in __ plants.

nonvascular

Heterospory in angiosperms allows for pollen and __ formation.

seed