Disaccharides and Glycosidic Bonds

Flashcards covering the formation, chemical components, and classification of common disaccharides based on lecture notes.

What are disaccharides?

They are sugars formed by joining two monosaccharides by a glycosidic bond.

How is a glycosidic bond formed between two monosaccharides?

It is formed by the removal of a water molecule from two adjacent monosaccharides through a condensation reaction.

Where does the water molecule come from during the formation of a glycosidic bond?

The water molecule is formed from the $OH$ group of one monosaccharide molecule and the $H$ from the adjoining monosaccharide molecule.

What results from the condensation reaction of Glucose + Glucose?

$$Maltose + H_2O$$

What results from the condensation reaction of Glucose + Fructose?

$$Sucrose + H_2O$$

What results from the condensation reaction of Glucose + Galactose?

$$Lactose + H_2O$$

Which of the disaccharides are classified as reducing sugars?

Maltose and lactose.

Which of the disaccharides is a non-reducing sugar?

Sucrose.