Anatomy of Auditory System: Outer and Middle Ears

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Last updated 11:23 AM on 6/27/26
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35 Terms

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outer ear contains

pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane

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helix

rim of the outside

part of the auricle

<p>rim of the outside</p><p>part of the auricle</p>
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anti-helix

The inner rim of the ear. It starts at the superior border of the lobe and continues upward until it ends by becoming the crura. It forms the superior and posterior walls of the concha.

<p>The inner rim of the ear. It starts at the superior border of the lobe and continues upward until it ends by becoming the crura. It forms the superior and posterior walls of the concha.</p>
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Tragus

The small, rounded, fleshy bulge that lies immediately anterior to the ear canal.

<p>The small, rounded, fleshy bulge that lies immediately anterior to the ear canal.</p>
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anti-tragus

small eminence on the upper margin of the lobe

<p>small eminence on the upper margin of the lobe</p>
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concha

the concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression of the ear

<p>the concave shell of the ear; the deepest depression of the ear</p>
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lobule

earlobe

<p>earlobe</p>
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scaphoid fossa

a groove located immediately anterior to the helix, which runs down the posterior portion of the pinna

<p>a groove located immediately anterior to the helix, which runs down the posterior portion of the pinna</p>
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triangular fossa

a depression of the antihelix

<p>a depression of the antihelix</p>
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which shape is the ear canal?

''s" shaped - courses medially and up

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outer 1/3 of ear canal

cartilage

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inner 2/3 of ear canal

bony

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another name for ear canal

External Auditory Canal (EAC)/Meatus/Auditory Canal

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what is in the ear canal

Hairs, Cerumen, Tympanic membrane

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middle ear contains

ossicles

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what are the three ossicles

malleus, incus, stapes

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the tympanic membrane

The eardrum. A structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves.

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the pars tensa

thick, taut, central-inferior section of tympanic membrane

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the pars flaccida

small, slack, superior section of tympanic membrane

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umbo

knob of the malleus that shows through the tympanic membrane

<p>knob of the malleus that shows through the tympanic membrane</p>
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manubrium of malleus

where malleus is attached to fibrous layer of TM

<p>where malleus is attached to fibrous layer of TM</p>
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cone of light

reflection of light from otoscope

<p>reflection of light from otoscope</p>
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cone of light in right ear:

cone of light on right side

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cone of light in left ear:

cone of light on the left side

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3 layers of epithelium

Outer layer continuous with EAM

Inner layer continuous with Middle ear cavity

Middle layer = fibrous tissue (strong)

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the middle ear is an air-filled cavity called

tympanic cavity

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the smallest bone in the body?

stapes

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incus

a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear, transmitting vibrations between the malleus and stapes.

<p>a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear, transmitting vibrations between the malleus and stapes.</p>
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malleus

a small bone in the middle ear that transmits vibrations of the eardrum to the incus. hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

<p>a small bone in the middle ear that transmits vibrations of the eardrum to the incus. hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear</p>
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stapes

"stirrup"; inner of the 3 ossicles of the middle ear

<p>"stirrup"; inner of the 3 ossicles of the middle ear</p>
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eustachian tube (auditory tube)

tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx (throat) equalizes atmospheric pressure

<p>tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx (throat) equalizes atmospheric pressure</p>
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middle ear muscles

tensor tympani and stapedius

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tensor tympani

enters middle ear space from anterior wall and attaches to the malleus

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stapedius

enters middle ear space from posterior wall and attaches to the stapes

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function of middle ear muscles

Stiffen the middle ear transmission system