HT BOC Practice Exam Review Questions - Part 5 - HT Focused

What is the accounting term for test-specific costs which rise in direct proportion to the number of procedures performed?

overhead costs

direct costs

indirect costs

unit costs

direct costs

When focal cell death occurs in a living body, the process is referred to as:

autolysis

postmortem change

hypoxic injury

necrosis

necrosis

When working with sentinel lymph nodes and some types of prostate biopsies, exposure to which of the following dangers should be considered?

biological toxins

chemotherapy drugs

parasitic infections

radiation levels

radiation levels

(due to the specimens being marked in the patient with a radioactive tracer that makes for easy location tracking and identification of the specimen)

Acidic dyes contain basic groups that have an affinity for acidic tissue elements. True or False?

False

_______ dyes contain basic groups (with a _______ charge) that have an affinity for acidic tissue elements.

Basic; positive

_______ dyes contain acidic groups (with a _______ charge) that have an affinity for basic tissue elements.

Acidic; negative

Insulating gloves should be worn when working with:

chloroform

formaldehyde

liquid nitrogen

osmium tetroxide

liquid nitrogen

The term used to define “toward the midline” is:

medial

The possibility of repetitive motion injury (RMI) may be reduced by:

using a rocking motion of the flywheel when cutting paraffin sections

tightly gripping the forceps when embedding and coverslipping

removing the lid of each cassette with the left thumb

utilizing an automated coverslipping system

utilizing an automated coverslipping system

Contamination of specimens may occur during coverslipping if the:

dropper or pipette used to apply the mounting media touches the slide

mounting medium is initially placed on the coverslip

fume hood is not properly utilized

mounting medium spreads across the entire specimen

dropper or pipette used to apply the mounting media touches the slide

For Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), the recommended shape of the face of a trimmed resin block should be:

parallelogram

rectangle

triangle

trapezoid

trapezoid

(the other shapes listed will cause weak ribbons and piling up of sections at the knife edge)

Which of the following might be an acceptable practice for disposal of solvents, such as xylene?

allowing an off site company to use the solvent as a fuel source

diluting in a used oil recycling tank

dumping down the sewer with excess water

evaporation in a working chemical hood

allowing an off site company to use the solvent as a fuel source

(also could have it hauled away to be burned by a licensed waste hauler, or recycling)

Classic carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms include:

additional tension headaches

decline in shoulder movement

increased difficulty in moving elbow

reduction in gripping ability

reduction in gripping ability

According to RCRA regulations, how much hazardous waste must an institution generate per month, to be categorized as a large waste generator?

less than 100Kg

between 100 to 500Kg

between 500 to 1000KG

over 1000Kg

over 1000Kg

In a gross description, indurated means:

hardened

calcified

hemorrhagic

nodular

hardened

(think: durable)

For the ATPase stain, the pH meter should be calibrated with standard solution(s) of which of the following?

pH 7.0 only

pH 4.0 and pH 10.0

pH 2.0 and pH 7.0

pH 10.0 only

pH 4.0 and pH 10.0

A student is learning about a new staining procedure by reading a textbook. This is an example of which type of learning domain?

affective

cognitive

psychomotor

perceptual

cognitive

Tissue was sectioned with a diamond knife on an ultramicrotome. A knife line is seen in the section. Which of the following most likely cause this?

amyloid

calcium

lipid

muscle

calcium

What happens during the hybridization step of a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay?

The genes are exposed and penetration of the probes is allowed.

The probe binds to the DNA sequence in the human tissue.

Required for the probe to gain access to the DNA in the nucleus.

The probe binds to the DNA sequence in the human tissue.

_________ is the step in which the probe binds to the DNA sequence in the human tissue.

Hybridization

The purpose of the pre-treatment step for hybridization is to expose the _______ and allow penetration of the probes.

genes

For hybridization, the ______ step is required for the probe to gain access to the _______ in the nucleus.

digestion; DNA

In a gross description, the term “vesicle” would be used to describe a lesion appearing like a/an:

small, fluid-filled blister

elevated lesion greater than 10mm in diameter

elevated lesion measuring less than 10mm in diameter

flat alteration in skin color shaped like a vesicle

small, fluid-filled blister

Melanin pigment can be bleached out by which of the following reagents?

Periodic acid

Sodium iodate

Potassium permanganate

Oxalic acid

Potassium permanganate

The technique where, after the block is trimmed, sections are cut and picked up, then more of the block is trimmed away, and more sections are cut and picked up, is called:

consecutives

levels

ribbons

serials

levels

The condenser on the light microscope functions to:

concentrate light on the tissue specimen

magnify and resolve the image

regulate the intensity of light illuminating the specimen

furnish strongly divergent light to the specimen

concentrate light on the tissue specimen

What is the most evident microtomy artifact demonstrated by the arrow in this image?

Water bath bubble under the section

Parched earth

Debris

Venetian blinds/washboarding

Water bath bubble under the section

Cytology is the study of:

cells

cultures

tissue

morphology

cells

Which of the following automated instruments in the histology laboratory is MOST likely to cause work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD)?

computer

coverslilpper

microtome

stainer

computer

Which of the following is suitable for removing dangerous air contaminants?

charcoal air purifier

enclosed fume hood

fume extractor arm

ozone generator

enclosed fume hood

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the embedding process in routine histology?

To fix tissue proteins in a rigid conformation, in order to preserve the “life-like” arrangement and morphology.

Provides a means of securing the specimen/patient identifying information that is transcribed to the sloped surface of the cassette to the specimen.

Provides support for the microscopic structure and morphology of the tissue by infiltrating and hardening with molten paraffin.

Allows the specimen to be positioned and secured in a particular 3-dimensional orientation.

To fix tissue proteins in a rigid conformation, in order to preserve the “life-like” arrangement and morphology

All of the following are acceptable methods to reduce hazardous chemical waste in a laboratory EXCEPT:

diluting with water

neutralization

recycling

substitution

diluting with water

When cutting paraffin control slides on the microtome, what is the BEST procedure to follow?

Microtome the same day and under the same conditions as the patient’s slides.

Microtome months earlier and store uncovered at room temperature.

Microtome from archived, unsealed blocks that are three years old.

Microtome using cryostat to keep them cold.

Microtome the same day and under the same conditions as the patient’s slides.

Of the following, which is LEAST likely to cause a reproductive hazard in humans?

alcohol

chemicals

fungus

radiation

fungus

The resin sections cut with an ultramicrotome are separating (not forming a ribbon). This is most likely due to the:

block or knife being loose

clearance angle being too small

glass knife being made yesterday

water level too high

glass knife being made yesterday

(if using a glass knife, they should be made very recently, within hours before use)

All of the following need the designation of “embed on edge” except a/an:

cystocele

hernia sac

lipoma

mucocele

lipoma

Tissue should be placed into a fixative as soon as possible in the gross room to prevent:

autolysis

necrosis

oxidation

hypoxia

autolysis

What is the hormone secrete by the pineal gland?

Melatonin

Insulin

Estrogen

Sebum

Melatonin

Which of the following infiltrating media could be used to demonstrate fat or enzymes in pathologic conditions?

Carbowax

Celloidin

Paraffin

Resin

Carbowax

(is a water-soluble medium used to infiltrate tissue directly from an aqueous fixative… though will not infiltrate large fatty pieces of tissue. heat and humidity affect Carbowax, including during sectioning)

Support media used to mount tissues for freezing include:

chopped liver, gelatin, sucrose gum or water

crumpled damp paper towel, agar, sucrose gum or silver of cork

gelatin, chopped kidney, melted paraffin or agar

water, dry ice chopped kidney or gelatin

chopped liver, gelatin, sucrose gum or water

In standard paraffin processing, clearing reagents MUST be miscible with which of the following?

Alcohols

Aqueous fixatives

Paraffins

Both alcohols and paraffins

Both alcohols and paraffins

An employee complains of tingling or numbness in the hands, an aching neck, and shoulder and wrist pain. The employee should be suspected of having:

carpal tunnel syndrome

chromic repetitive trauma

range of motion inadequacy

repetitive motion strengthening

chromic repetitive trauma

Beta cells of pancreatic islets and of the pituitary gland stain deep purple with this procedure:

Lillie azure A-eosin B

congo red

aldehyde fuchsin

Gomori-Burtner

aldehyde fuchsin

Frozen sections of fixed tissue can be placed on poly-L-lysine treated slides. True or False?

True

Neutral position/posture is defined as that position which:

bends the wrist back and forth

involves holding absolutely still

is the only position that protects the back

places the least amount of stress on the body

places the least amount of stress on the body

A histotechnology student has problems with wrinkles in her tissue sections. Which of the following recommendations would NOT help to correct this problem?

Increase the water bath temperature a few degrees, as long as it is within the proper range of the melting point of paraffin.

Decrease the time that sections “relax” on the water bath

Show the student how to properly lay the ribbon on the water and gently tug at one end of the ribbon to help release the wrinkles

Increase the time that sections are allowed to “relax” on the water bath.

Decrease the time that sections “relax” on the water bath

A “human carcinogen” is defined as an agent that is carcinogenic in:

experimental animals at relatively high doses, not relevant to worker exposure

experimental animals in levels and by routes which are considered relevant to worker exposure

humans based on the weight of evidence from epidemiological studies

humans, but which cannot be assessed conclusively because of lack of data

humans based on the weight of evidence from epidemiological studies

Study the artifact in the image. Which of the corrective actions listed would help to eliminate this artifact?

Increasing ribbon time on water bath

Increasing water bath temperature

Decreasing ribbon time on water bath

Stretching out ribbon more on the water bath

Decreasing ribbon time on water bath

When performing the Bodian method for neurofibrils, prolonged treatment in this solution may interfere with primary staining:

sodium thiosulfate

oxalic acid

gold chloride

alcohol

oxalic acid

(Bodian method involves impregnation of tissues with silver proteinate compound which is then reduced to visible metallic silver by hydroquinone. Prolonged treatment in oxalic acid will interfere with the silver proteinate reaction.)

An enzyme is a/an:

protein

Which of the following is more likely to develop work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs)?

young woman

young man

older woman

older man

older woman

(women’s weaker upper bodies can lead to more complications)

Hepatitis B and HIV are both viruses transmitted primarily by:

aerosols

blood

contact

droplets

blood

Which of the following knife profiles is recommended for the majority of paraffin microtomy?

biconcave

planoconcave

tool edge

wedge

wedge

One cause of sections sticking to each other or to parts of the microtome is:

air currents

a radio operating in the room

static electricity

the wrong air temperature

static electricity

The instrument used to cut thin sections of epoxy resin-embedded tissue for electron microscopy is called a/an:

rotary microtome

sliding microtome

freezing microtome

ultramicrotome

ultramicrotome