EAH European Exploration and Colonization

European Exploration and Civilization

Spain (Columbus)

• Initially looking for a shorter way to the East Indies

• Ferdinand and Isabella support journey

• Columbus spreads faith and shares profits to the kings

• Landed in the Caribbean in 1492.

Spain God, Gold and Glory

God

• Columbus secured funding by promising spread of Catholicism

Gold

• secure gold and silver for Spanish crowd

Glory

• fame

• conquer land and people

Spain King Charles I

Funded Ferdinand Magellan to connect America and Asia. His ship completed first circumnavigation of the globe.

French Jacques Cartier

• In search for making trade with Asia easier they

• Led search for the Northwest Passage

• Began exploring Great lakes and Mississippi River

• Founded 3 major colonies Quebec, Louisiana and West Indies

• Traded furs and fish

England Sir Frances Drake

• 1588 English Navy defeated Spanish Armada establishing English naval dominance

• Last country to establish colonies in new world

• Settled along eastern seaboard of North America great success

• Established permanent colonies in search for new life

Netherlands/ Dutch

• Trade was primary gold in colonization

• Established colonies in the Caribbean sea and and New Amsterdam now YK

• Trafficked sugar, spices and slaves

• Diverse population and religious tolerance

Columbus Exchange

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World following Columbus's voyages.

• Normalized slave labor

• Spread disease

Mercantilism

• Primary economic system in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century

Economic thought that a countrys wealth is measured by its gold reserves and that they should export more than what they import.

• Colonies needed to be exploited for raw goods

Triangular Trade

A trade system connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, involving the exchange of slaves, raw materials, and manufactured goods.

1. Europeans traveled to Africa where they traded their manufactured goods and rum for enslaved African people.

2. Those enslaved Africans were then sent to the Americas to work in the plantations, growing cash crops of sugar, tobacco, and (later) cotton.

3. These cash crops would then be sold to Europe, where they were turned into manufactured and processed goods to then sell in Africa and the Americas