Civil War and Reconstruction

Abraham Lincoln

16th president of the United States - leads the Union through the Civil War

Jefferson Davis

Elected president of the Confederacy

Robert E. Lee

top general of the Confederate Army and Jefferson Davis's right hand man

William Carney

Member of the 54th Massachusetts Regiment - one of the first African American's to earn the Medal of Honor

Clara Barton

Female nurse during the Civil War who will go on to start the Red Cross

Matthew Brady

Photographer during the Civil War - most famous for his images of the carnage at Antietam

John Wilkes Booth

Confederate sympathizer who assassinates Abraham Lincoln

Andrew Johnson

Lincoln's vice president - will become the next president after Lincoln is assassinated. Is later impeached (but not found guilty)

George McClellan

Union general who is fired after the battle of Antietam for not pursuing Lee - will later run against Lincoln for president

General William Sherman

General for the union who is most famous for his "march to the sea" and his idea of "total warfare."

Nathan Bedford Forest

Founder and first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan

Ulysses S. Grant

Lincoln's best general and will eventually also be elected president

Samuel Tilden

Ran for president in 1876 as a Democrat

Rutherford B. Hayes

Ran for president in 1876 as a Republican - is elected according to the Compromise of 1877

Election of 1876

Tilden vs. Hayes

Emancipation Proclamation

Issued by Lincoln after the vicotry at Antietam - becomes official on January 1st 1863. It frees the slaves in all states - except the border states.

Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Address

What speech is this quote from: "With malice toward none and and charity for all."

Gettysburg Address

"... that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they face the full last measure of devotion. That we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain. that this nation under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, for the people, and for the people, shall not perish from this earth." What speech is this?

Compromise of 1877

The agreement that Rutherford B. Hayes would be president as long as all Union Troops were removed from the southern states

Surrender at Appomattox

Meeting place of Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant - where the war ended

Impeachment of Johnson

Trial of a president, because of the constant disagreements between him and the Radical Republicans in Congress

"Total War"

The idea (from Sherman) that nothing is safe in war - and total destruction of land is going to happen

Sherman's March to the Sea

General who marched his troops from Atlanta all the way to Savannah, destroying everything in their path

Inflation in the South

After the war - prices in the south rose in an attempt to make sure plantation owners could make enough money - but people couldn't afford the higher prices

Border States

Missouri, Kentucky, and Maryland

Union

The northern half of the United States during the Civil War

Confederacy

The southern half of the United States during the Civil War

54th Massachusetts Regiment

The first African American regiment in the United States during the Civil War - formed after the Emancipation Proclamation

"Minie Ball"

The new bullet that came to be during the Civil War - caused fatalities and amputations to go way up

Redemption of the South

The south "wins" Reconstruction because they are able to make sure their social hierarchy remains in place after the Civil War is over.

13th Amendment

Amendment that abolishes slavery - OFFICIALLY ending slavery in the United States

14th Amendment

Amendment that grants citizenship to all those born or naturalized in the United States

15th Amendment

Amendment that grants African American men the right to vote

Freedmen's Bureau

organization that is formed to help freed people purchase land, it provides food, clothes and schooling for any freed African Americans

Black Codes

Laws that were passed in the southern half of the United States after the Civil War to undermine any rights for freed African Americans

Ku Klux Klan

White supremacy group that forms to undermine the process of Reconstruction by means of terror

Reconstruction

Time period after the Civil War where the government attempts to reunite the country while also ensuring the new rights of all the people freed by the Civil War

Reconstruction Acts

Plan of the radical republicans: split the south into 5 military districts, States had to ratify the 14th amendment, and states had to complete a new state constitution that needed to be approved

White Leagues

Groups that believed in white supremacy

Southern Homestead Act

Law that set aside 45 million acres of land aside for free farms for freed slaves

10% Plan

Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction - 10% of the state had to take an oath of loyalty

Fort Sumter

First battle of the Civil War - the Union loses

Antietam

First battle of the Civil War on Union soil - was a Union victory, BUT is the bloodiest day in American history

Fredericksburg

Union loss where the Union troops tried to storm a hill, and lost by a large margin

Vicksburg

Battle of the Civil War that the Union won after a 6 seek siege. Winning this battle meant winning control of the Mississippi

Gettysburg

Winning this three day battle (that went on at the same time as Gettysburg) was a turning point in the war

Pickett's Charge

The last move by Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg - is a large failure