Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function pt. 2

Cells

________ use energy to transport materials that can not diffuse across a membrane.

Vesicles

________ fuse with the cell membrane and releases substances outside of the cell.

Passive transport

________: The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell.

Isotonic

________: When a solution has the same concentration of dissolved particles as the cell.

Materials

________ move across membranes because of concentration differences.

Water

________ flows out of the cell at a faster rate which causes the cell to shrivel.

Exocytosis

________: The release of substances out of a cell by sending materials out of the membrane through a vesicle.

Hypotonic

________: When a solution has a lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell.

Diffusion

________ is important for moving substances across the membrane.

Hypertonic

________: When a solution has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell.

Osmosis

________: The diffusion of water molecules.

Pumps

________ are transport proteins that move materials AGAINST a concentration gradient.

Phagocytosis

________: A type of endocytosis where the cell membrane surrounds large particles.

Endocytosis

________: The process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by surrounding them in a membrane.

Concentration gradient

________: The difference in concentration of a substance from one location to another.

Active transport proteins

________ move the molecules with chemical energy.

Diffusion

________: The movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Passive transport

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell

Diffusion

The movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Concentration gradient

The difference in concentration of a substance from one location to another

Osmosis

The diffusion of water molecules

Isotonic

When a solution has the same concentration of dissolved particles as the cell

Hypertonic

When a solution has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell

Hypotonic

When a solution has a lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell

Facilitated diffusion

The diffusion of molecules across a membrane through transport proteins

Active transport

Moves molecules across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

Endocytosis

The process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by surrounding them in a membrane

Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis where the cell membrane surrounds large particles

Exocytosis

The release of substances out of a cell by sending materials out of the membrane through a vesicle