Unit 1 - Early Modern Times 1300-1800. Europe and the Renaissance Age 1400's

What does the term renaissance mean?

The rebirth of wisdom and art of Europe's greatest times

When was the Renaissance period?

1300s-1500s

What were characteristics of the Renaissance?

1.Discoveries in art, architecture, literature, religion, and science.

2.A time when humans began to see themselves in control of their own destiny and being able to achieve great things.

Why was Italy at the center of the Renaissance?

1. Ruins of architecture from Rome made people question what was previously there.

2. The Roman Catholic Church was located in Italy.

3. Italy was located on the Medditerian Sea making trade easier.

What was the Scientific Revolution?

1. New ways of thinking about the physical universe.

2. Mathematical laws govern nature.

3. The physical world is managed and shaped by people.

What were characteristics of the Scientific Revolution?

1. Explanation of Gravity.

2. Creation of Scientific Method.

3. The concept of a Heliocentric universe (earth moves around the sun).

4. Deeper understanding of medicine and chemistry.

What was the Scientific Revolution's impact on Europe?

1. People (ex. Galileo) were nearly killed because of scientific findings that conflicted with the Church.

2. The Scientific Method improved the results of experiments.

What is the Protestant Reform?

The time in the Renaissance Period when Europeans questioning, doubting, and challenging the church and its beliefs.

What are characteristics of the Protestant Reform?

1. Martin Luther, who as literate, read the bible and questioning indulgences to the church. He wrote the 95 theses' and created the Luthern Church.

2. John Calvin believed in hard work, discipline, thrift, honesty, and morality. Believed saints and sinners were chosen before birth. Created the Calvinist Religion

What was the Protestant Reform's impact on Europe?

1. New Religions were created.

2. Many people were viewed as a threat the Roman Catholic Church causing them to be persecuted. Some escaped to other countries, but some did die.

What was the Printing Revolution?

The Printing Revolution allowed for books to be reprinted faster and cheaper. The most popular book was the bible.

What was the impact of the Printing Revolution on European society?

1. Caused Renaissance ideas to be spread and exchanged quicker.

2. Increased literacy rates across Europe.

What are some characteristics of the Dark Age?

1. 99% of people couldn't read

2. No education

3. Very simple and limited art

4. There was warfare among small kingdoms

5. Life expectancy of only 30 years

What is Humanism?

The focus on worldly humans and what they can achieve.

What technique helped artists create more realistic art?

Perspective

What are important features of Renaissance Architecture?

1. Symmetrical use of windows and doors

2. Extensive use of classical columns

3. Arches

4. Domes