Comptia 1102

Windows 10 Processor Requirements

1GHx or a faster

Windows 10 Ram Requirements

1 gb for 32 bit 2 gb for 64

Windows 10 Storage Requirements

16 gb for 32, 20 gb for 64

Windows 10 Graphics Requirements

DirectX 9 or later, 800x600 , wddm 1.0 driver

Windows 10 64 home edition

supports 128 gbs of ram, can rdp into others, but can't be rdp'd to, client only. 

Domain Accounts

Managed by a server, limited user changes.

Workgroup Accounts

No central management, full user control.

BitLocker

Encrypts drives using 128 or 256-bit AES.

Group Policy Editor

Creates policies for local domains.

Get-ChildItem Command

Lists all files and folders in location.

SFC Command

Scans and repairs protected system files, File integrity checks

Change Directory Command

CD command

Disk Check Command

Finds and repairs disk errors with /f and /r.

Gpupdate Command

Updates group policy settings immediately.

MBR vs GPT

1 supports 4 partitions, 2 supports 128.

Winver Command

Displays the current Windows version.

Ipconfig Command

Troubleshoots network issues and displays settings.

Ping Command

Tests network connectivity with optional infinite run.

Hostname Command

Displays the name of the computer.

Netstat Command

Displays detailed network connections and traffic.

Nslookup Command

Diagnoses DNS issues.

Tracert Command

Shows each hop to a destination.

Task Manager Tabs

Includes Processes, Performance, Users, Services, Setup.

Microsoft Management Console (MMC)

Houses management tools called snap-ins.

Event Viewer (EVENTVWR)

Stores logs of errors and warnings.

Disk Management (DISKMGMT.msc)

Creates partitions and formats disks.

Task Scheduler (TASKSCHD.msc)

Creates automated tasks.

Device Manager (DEVMGMT.msc)

Manages hardware and drivers.

Performance Monitor (PERFMON)

Views real-time performance data.

MSINFO32

Displays detailed system information.

WOW64

Windows subsystem for running 32-bit applications.

32-bit OS

Max RAM 4 GB, slower performance.

64-bit OS

Max RAM 16 EB, faster performance.

Dedicated GPU

Standalone, more powerful, uses dedicated VRAM.

Robocopy

Command-line tool for robust file copying.

Boot Methods

USB, optical media, network (PXE) boot.

Image Deployment

Installs OS from a customized image.

Repair Installation

Attempts to fix current OS installation.

In-place Upgrade

Upgrades OS while keeping apps and files.

Refresh Installation

Reinstalls Windows, keeps personal files.

Restore Points

Automatic backups created during system changes.

MBR

Legacy partition manager, max 2 TB size.

GPT

Modern partition manager, max 9.4 ZB size.

NTFS

Default Windows file system with encryption support.

ReFS

Resilient file system for high data integrity.

APFS

Apple file system optimized for macOS.

.app File

Application bundle containing necessary files.

.dmg File

macOS disk image that needs mounting.

.pkg File

Installation package requiring no mounting.

Time Machine

macOS backup tool that deletes oldest backups.

Mission Control

Manages multiple desktops on macOS.

Keychain

macOS credential management system.

Finder

macOS GUI for file system interaction.

File Vault

Full disk encryption for macOS.

Terminal

Text-based access to macOS operating system.

LS Command

Lists all files in current directory.

Chmod Command

Sets user access rights to files, Linux

Apt

Package manager for Debian-based Linux distros.

MFA

Multi-factor authentication for enhanced security.

WPA2

Introduced in 2004, uses CCMP with AES encryption.

WPA3

Introduced in 2018, uses GCMP with AES encryption.

WEP

Legacy protocol, not secure, has two versions.

Personal WPA

Designed for SOHO, uses user-defined password.

Enterprise WPA

Uses AAA server, stronger encryption, complex setup.

TKIP

Legacy encryption protocol, less secure than AES.

CCMP

Encryption protocol using AES, part of WPA2.

GCMP

More efficient encryption protocol in WPA3.

PSK

Pre-shared key for WPA2 authentication.

EAP

Extensible Authentication Protocol for network access.

WPS

Wi-Fi Protected Setup for easy device connection.

KRACK

Vulnerability affecting WPA2 protocol security.

RADIUS

Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service protocol.

TACACS+

Cisco protocol for secure network device access.

Kerberos

Authentication protocol using tickets for access.

Rootkits

Malicious software for remote access and data theft.

Antimalware

Software designed to detect and remove malware.

SQL Injection

Attack exploiting unprotected databases via input fields.

XSS

Cross-Site Scripting, injecting scripts into trusted sites.

Encryption

Process of converting data into a secure format.

Asymmetric Encryption

Uses two related keys for secure communication.

Hash Algorithm

Generates a unique fingerprint for data.

PKI

Infrastructure for identity validation.

User Account Types

Standard, Administrator, Power User, Guest accounts.

NTFS Permissions

Access control for files and folders in Windows.

BitLocker

Drive encryption requiring TPM for security.

EFS

Encrypting File System for file-level encryption.

BYOD

Bring Your Own Device policy for employees.

COBO

Corporate Owned, Business Only device policy.

Data Destruction

//Methods include shredding, degaussing, and incinerating.

DHCP Reservations

Assign static IP based on MAC address.

SSID

Service Set Identifier for Wi-Fi networks.

Screened Subnet

Divides LAN into separate network areas.

BSOD

//Blue Screen of Death indicating system failure.

/SCANNOW

Command to scan and repair system files.

/VerifyOnly

Checks integrity of protected system files only.

/SCANFILE

Scans and repairs a specific selected file.

Clean boot

Starts Windows with minimal drivers and startup programs.

USB controller warning

Indicates issues with USB device connectivity.

System instability

Frequent crashes or performance issues in Windows.

No OS Found

Indicates that the operating system is not detected.