Chemical Reaction
A process where reactants transform into products through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.
Evidence of a Chemical Reaction:
Bubbling or odor change or change in pH or changes in electrical conductivity
Precipitate
A solid formed from a solution.
Types of Energy Change
Exothermic (releases heat) or Endothermic (absorbs heat).
Photo Reaction
Energy release as light.
Combination/Synthesis Reaction
Simple substances combine to form a complex substance.
Decomopisiton reaction
A compound breaks down into simpler substances.
Displacement
One element replaces another in a compound.
Electrons
Parts of two ionic compounds exchange.
Combustion
Substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy.
Factors effecting rate of reaction
Concentration, Temperature, Surface Area, Catalysts, Inhibitors.
Activation Energy
Minimum energy for reactants to form products.
Catalyst
Lowers activation energy, increasing reaction rate.
Energy in Chemical Reactions
Enthalpy
EXOthermic
Release energy (heat).
ENDOthermic
Absorb energy (heat).
Spontaneity
Measure of disorder.
Dynamic Equilibrium
Rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.
Le Chatlier’s Principle
System adjusts to minimize disturbances.
Chromatography
Separating components based on movement through phases.