food

means full of flavor, energy, or excitement, depending on the context.

Having a strong, fresh, tangy flavor (often from citrus or spices).

• Example: "The salsa has a zesty lime flavor."

describes a taste that is pleasantly sharp, sour, or acidic, often making food taste fresh and lively.

Examples:

Examples:

• 🍋 Lemon juice has a tangy flavor.

• 🥗 The salad dressing is tangy because it contains vinegar.

• 🍅 Goat cheese has a slightly tangy taste.

Common foods that are tangy include:

• Citrus fruits (lemons, limes, oranges)

• Yogurt

• Vinegar

• Pickles

• Some cheeses

• Tamarind

Similar words: tart, sharp, acidic, zesty (though zesty often also suggests spice or citrus freshness).

means having a very strong, sharp smell or taste that is intense and noticeable. Depending on the context, it can be pleasant or unpleasant.

About smell

A pungent smell is strong and can almost sting your nose.

• The room was filled with the pungent smell of garlic.

• There was a pungent odor of ammonia.

About taste

A pungent taste is sharp, spicy, or biting.

• Raw onions have a pungent flavor.

• Blue cheese has a pungent taste.

Common examples

• Garlic

• Onions

• Mustard

• Horseradish

• Wasabi

• Some strong cheeses

s means having the thick, soft, wobbly texture of jelly or gelatin.

It describes something that is semi-solid, slippery, and squishy.

Examples

• The dessert had a gelatinous texture.

• Some mushrooms become gelatinous after rain.

• The jellyfish had a gelatinous body.

Synonyms

• Jelly-like

• Gooey

• Gummy (in some contexts)

• Wobbly

• Viscous (though viscous emphasizes thickness rather than a jelly-like texture)

Examples in nature

• Jellyfish

• Certain sea creatures

• Some fungi

• Thick mucus or slime

means juicy, tender, and delicious, especially when talking about meat, fruit, or other foods.

Examples:

• The chicken was succulent and full of flavor.

• The peaches were sweet and succulent.

Synonyms: juicy, moist, tender, luscious.

means richly appealing, delicious, and highly enjoyable, especially in taste, but it can also describe appearance or attractiveness.

About food

It usually describes food that is very juicy, sweet, rich, or luxurious.

Examples:

• The strawberries were luscious and perfectly ripe.

• She made a luscious chocolate cake.

Synonyms: delicious, succulent, juicy, rich, mouthwatering.

means partly solid and partly liquid—it holds its shape to some extent but is still soft and can be deformed easily.

Examples

• 🍮 Jelly is semi-solid.

• 🧈 Soft butter at room temperature is semi-solid.

• 🥜 Peanut butter is a semi-solid food.

• 🧴 Some creams and ointments are semi-solid.

Example sentences

• The mixture cooled into a semi-solid mass.

• The medicine is available as a semi-solid cream.

thick and sticky, flowing slowly because it resists movement.

A viscous substance is still a liquid, but it pours much more slowly than water.

Examples

• 🍯 Honey is very viscous.

• 🛢 Motor oil is more viscous than water.

• 🍁 Maple syrup is viscous.

• 🌋 Lava is extremely viscous (depending on its composition).

Example sentences

• The sauce became more viscous as it cooled.

• The liquid was so viscous that it poured very slowly.

Synonyms

• Thick

• Syrupy

• Gluey (in some contexts)

• Sticky (though sticky emphasizes adhesion rather than slow flow)

) is the property that describes how resistant a liquid is to flowing.

• Water has low viscosity.

• Honey has high viscosity.

what something is made of or how its parts are arranged.

1. What something is made of (science)

This is the meaning used when talking about materials or substances.

• The composition of air is mostly nitrogen and oxygen.

• The rock's composition includes quartz and feldspar.

• Lava's composition affects its viscosity.

Here, composition means the ingredients, elements, or substances that make up something.

s a type of pastry that is crumbly, crisp, and tender, rather than light and flaky.

It is commonly used for:

• 🥧 Pies

• 🥧 Tarts

• 🥧 Quiches

• The apple pie was made with buttery shortcrust pastry.

• Blind bake the shortcrust pastry before adding the filling.

breaking into thin pieces or layers that come off easily.

In cooking, flaky means light and made of thin layers that separate easily.

• 🥐 The croissant was flaky and buttery.

• 🥧 The pie crust is flaky when it’s well-made.

It describes pastries like:

• Puff pastry

• Croissants

• Some pie crusts

2. Texture (general)

It can also mean something that breaks into small thin bits or pieces.

• The paint is old and flaky. (it comes off in bits)

• His skin is dry and flaky. (small pieces peel

can describe someone who is unreliable or forgetful, especially about plans

He’s so flaky—he always cancels last minute.

to join others in doing something popular or fashionable, often because it is successful or widely accepted, not necessarily because you strongly believe in it.

Meaning

• To start doing something because many other people are doing it

• Often implies following a trend

Examples

• After the app became popular, many companies jumped on the bandwagon and launched similar products.

• He didn’t care about fitness at first, but he jumped on the bandwagon when his friends started going to the gym.

Tone (important)

It can be slightly critical or skeptical, suggesting someone is following a trend for popularity rather than conviction.

means information spreads from person to person by talking, rather than through ads, media, or official sources.

Meaning

People hear about something because others tell them directly.

Examples

• The restaurant became popular through word of mouth.

• She found the job through word of mouth from a friend.

• The news spread quickly through word of mouth in the village.

How it works

• Person A tells Person B

• Person B tells Person C

• Information spreads naturally by conversation

Synonyms / similar ideas

• Personal recommendation

• Word-of-mouth marketing

• Oral communication (formal)

Simple idea

Instead of seeing an ad or post online, you hear about something because someone you know told you about it.