Untitled Flashcard Set

Where were the Apollo 11 Stones found?

Namibia.

What material and technique were used for Apollo 11 Stones?

Charcoal on stone.

What is the function of the Apollo 11 Stones?

Portable ritual object, symbolic animal images.

What is the form of the Great Hall of the Bulls at Lascaux?

Overlapping animal figures, twisted perspective, large-scale murals.

What is one possible function of the Lascaux cave paintings?

Hunting magic or ritual storytelling.

What is the Running Horned Woman’s subject?

Stylized female figure with horns and body paint.

What does the Running Horned Woman likely represent?

Fertility or ritual deity.

What is the material of Stonehenge?

Sandstone and bluestone.

What is the function of Stonehenge?

Ceremonial site, solstice alignment, funerary rituals.

What material was used to build Nan Madol?

Basalt/volcanic rock.

What was the function of Nan Madol?

Ceremonial and political center for elites.

What culture made Navigation Charts?

Marshall Islanders.

What materials were used in Navigation Charts?

Wood, fiber, and shells.

What did the curved sticks in Navigation Charts represent?

Ocean swells and wave patterns.

What did the shells in Navigation Charts represent?

The islands.

Were Navigation Charts carried on voyages?

No, they were memorized beforehand.

What material are Moai on Ahu carved from?

Volcanic tuff.

What is the function of the Moai statues?

Commemorate ancestors and hold mana to protect the community.

Who would see the Moai on Ahu?

The entire island community.

What materials make up the ‘Ahu ‘ula (feather cape)?

Red and yellow feathers sewn into netting, with fiber backing.

What do the colors red and yellow mean in Hawaiian feather capes?

Red = royalty, Yellow = sacred/rare.

Who made the feather capes?

Hawaiian men, while chanting genealogy.

What is the function of the ‘Ahu ‘ula?

Protect the chief’s mana, symbolize power and divine ancestry.

What material is Hiapo made from?

Tapa (bark cloth).

Who created Hiapo (tapa)?

Women, working in communal groups.

What technique was used to make tapa cloth?

Beating soaked bark of the paper mulberry tree into sheets.

What is the function of Hiapo tapa cloth?

Used in funerals, marriages, and wrapping sacred objects.

What is a key design feature of Hiapo?

Radial symmetry with concentric geometric motifs.

When did Fijians present mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II?

1953, during her state visit.

Who produced the tapa and mats in the Fijian presentation?

Women.

What was the function of presenting mats and tapa to the Queen?

Honor and diplomacy, blending traditional ceremony with colonial politics.

What culture makes Malagan masks?

People of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea.

What is the function of Malagan masks?

Funerary rituals to honor the dead and guide souls.

What happens to Malagan masks after use?

They are destroyed, emphasizing impermanence.

What material is the Buk mask made from?

Turtle shell, wood, fiber, feathers.

What is the function of the Buk mask?

Used in male initiation ceremonies and funerary rites.

What makes turtle shell valuable in Pacific art?

It is rare and associated with sacred mana.

Who painted Tamati Waka Nene?

Gottfried Lindauer.

What cultural blend is shown in Tamati Waka Nene’s portrait?

European oil painting style with Māori moko tattoos.

What is the function of Tamati Waka Nene’s portrait?

Preserve his mana and record his lineage.

What culture produced the Staff God?

Rarotonga, Cook Islands.

What materials are used in the Staff God?

Wood core wrapped in bark cloth, with feathers and shells.

What is the function of the Staff God?

Represents fertility and ancestry, wrapping preserves mana.

What material is the Female Deity from Nukuoro carved from?

Wood.

What is the function of the Nukuoro Female Deity?

Ritual use in fertility/agricultural ceremonies.

Who carved the Female Deity figures?

Men, though they represent female deities.

Define mana.

Spiritual force or power from gods/ancestors contained in sacred objects.

How are materials tied to mana in Pacific art?

Rare materials (feathers, turtle shell, volcanic stone, tapa) hold higher mana.

How does ritual impact art-making?

Creation often included chanting, sacrifice, or initiation to activate mana.

How does gender divide labor in Pacific art?

Men = hard materials (stone, wood, shell); Women = soft materials (tapa, textiles).

How does the ocean shape Pacific art?

Necessitates navigation systems, use of marine resources, and island-based rituals.

How did colonialism affect Pacific works?

Suppressed rituals, destroyed sacred objects, relocated works into Western museums, changed their meanings.