Untitled Flashcard Set
🌍 Global Prehistory
Q: Where were the Apollo 11 Stones found?
A: Namibia.
Q: What material and technique were used for Apollo 11 Stones?
A: Charcoal on stone.
Q: What is the function of the Apollo 11 Stones?
A: Portable ritual object, symbolic animal images.
Q: What is the form of the Great Hall of the Bulls at Lascaux?
A: Overlapping animal figures, twisted perspective, large-scale murals.
Q: What is one possible function of the Lascaux cave paintings?
A: Hunting magic or ritual storytelling.
Q: What is the Running Horned Woman’s subject?
A: Stylized female figure with horns and body paint.
Q: What does the Running Horned Woman likely represent?
A: Fertility or ritual deity.
Q: What is the material of Stonehenge?
A: Sandstone and bluestone.
Q: What is the function of Stonehenge?
A: Ceremonial site, solstice alignment, funerary rituals.
🌊 Pacific
Q: What material was used to build Nan Madol?
A: Basalt/volcanic rock.
Q: What was the function of Nan Madol?
A: Ceremonial and political center for elites.
Q: What culture made Navigation Charts?
A: Marshall Islanders.
Q: What materials were used in Navigation Charts?
A: Wood, fiber, and shells.
Q: What did the curved sticks in Navigation Charts represent?
A: Ocean swells and wave patterns.
Q: What did the shells in Navigation Charts represent?
A: The islands.
Q: Were Navigation Charts carried on voyages?
A: No, they were memorized beforehand.
Q: What material are Moai on Ahu carved from?
A: Volcanic tuff.
Q: What is the function of the Moai statues?
A: Commemorate ancestors and hold mana to protect the community.
Q: Who would see the Moai on Ahu?
A: The entire island community.
Q: What materials make up the ‘Ahu ‘ula (feather cape)?
A: Red and yellow feathers sewn into netting, with fiber backing.
Q: What do the colors red and yellow mean in Hawaiian feather capes?
A: Red = royalty, Yellow = sacred/rare.
Q: Who made the feather capes?
A: Hawaiian men, while chanting genealogy.
Q: What is the function of the ‘Ahu ‘ula?
A: Protect the chief’s mana, symbolize power and divine ancestry.
Q: What material is Hiapo made from?
A: Tapa (bark cloth).
Q: Who created Hiapo (tapa)?
A: Women, working in communal groups.
Q: What technique was used to make tapa cloth?
A: Beating soaked bark of the paper mulberry tree into sheets.
Q: What is the function of Hiapo tapa cloth?
A: Used in funerals, marriages, and wrapping sacred objects.
Q: What is a key design feature of Hiapo?
A: Radial symmetry with concentric geometric motifs.
Q: When did Fijians present mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II?
A: 1953, during her state visit.
Q: Who produced the tapa and mats in the Fijian presentation?
A: Women.
Q: What was the function of presenting mats and tapa to the Queen?
A: Honor and diplomacy, blending traditional ceremony with colonial politics.
Q: What culture makes Malagan masks?
A: People of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea.
Q: What is the function of Malagan masks?
A: Funerary rituals to honor the dead and guide souls.
Q: What happens to Malagan masks after use?
A: They are destroyed, emphasizing impermanence.
Q: What material is the Buk mask made from?
A: Turtle shell, wood, fiber, feathers.
Q: What is the function of the Buk mask?
A: Used in male initiation ceremonies and funerary rites.
Q: What makes turtle shell valuable in Pacific art?
A: It is rare and associated with sacred mana.
Q: Who painted Tamati Waka Nene?
A: Gottfried Lindauer.
Q: What cultural blend is shown in Tamati Waka Nene’s portrait?
A: European oil painting style with Māori moko tattoos.
Q: What is the function of Tamati Waka Nene’s portrait?
A: Preserve his mana and record his lineage.
Q: What culture produced the Staff God?
A: Rarotonga, Cook Islands.
Q: What materials are used in the Staff God?
A: Wood core wrapped in bark cloth, with feathers and shells.
Q: What is the function of the Staff God?
A: Represents fertility and ancestry, wrapping preserves mana.
Q: What material is the Female Deity from Nukuoro carved from?
A: Wood.
Q: What is the function of the Nukuoro Female Deity?
A: Ritual use in fertility/agricultural ceremonies.
Q: Who carved the Female Deity figures?
A: Men, though they represent female deities.
🌟 Themes
Q: Define mana.
A: Spiritual force or power from gods/ancestors contained in sacred objects.
Q: How are materials tied to mana in Pacific art?
A: Rare materials (feathers, turtle shell, volcanic stone, tapa) hold higher mana.
Q: How does ritual impact art-making?
A: Creation often included chanting, sacrifice, or initiation to activate mana.
Q: How does gender divide labor in Pacific art?
A: Men = hard materials (stone, wood, shell); Women = soft materials (tapa, textiles).
Q: How does the ocean shape Pacific art?
A: Necessitates navigation systems, use of marine resources, and island-based rituals.
Q: How did colonialism affect Pacific works?
A: Suppressed rituals, destroyed sacred objects, relocated works into Western museums, changed their meanings.