Exam 1 - Oral Cavity and GI tract Chart Page 2, general and cancers

what is oral candidiasis

white/grayish pseudo membranes

red underneath (inflammation!)

who most commonly experiences oral candidiasis

immunosuppressed, diabetics, Antibiotic users

what causes oral candidiasis

candida albicans (fungus) overgrowth

can oral candidiasis be scraped off? Can Leukoplakia be scraped off?

YES, NO

A nodular mass following chronic irritation which follows along the bite line of the cheek is know as what

oral fibroma

what is the other name for a pregnancy tumor

oral pyogenic granuloma

what is an oral pyogenic granuloma

hemangioma on gingiva

red/purple

what plays a role in causing oral pyogenic granuloma

hormones

what % of the population experiences leukoplakia? Are male or female more likely to get it? What age?

3%

male

40-70

what is leukoplakia

raised white patches with cellular dysplasia

what are risks for developing leukoplakia

tobaccos, alcohol, Candidiasis inflammation (thrush increases risk of developing leuko.)

25% of leukoplakia cases develop into what

squamous cell carcinoma

how do you diagnose squamous cell carcinoma?

exclusion via biopsy

Unlike leukoplakia, oral hairy leukoplakia is not ____ and it is associated with ____ virus

precancerous, epstein-barr

Erythroplakia is the same as leukoplakia except it appears as what color?

red

is leukoplakia or erythroplakia more aggressive? what % of these cases progress into squamous cell carcinoma?

erythroplakia, 50%

What is the most common type of Oral Cancer and accounts for 05% of cases

squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity that occurs from alcohol or tobacco use is more common to occur in who?

males >30 years old

describe how oral squamous cell carcinomas look

raised firm lesion

white/gray or red

irregular borders

possible ulceration

mulitple primary tumors

is squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity painful?

yes

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity from alcohol or tobacco use is most likely to occur in 5 locations. Order these from most to least likely

1. ventral tongue

2. floor of mouth

3. lower lip

4. soft palate

5. gingiva

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity from alcohol or tobacco use likely has mutations of what gene?

TP53

Someone with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity that DOES NOT have a history of alcohol or tobacco use and it young likely developed this cancer because of what? Do they have a better or worse prognosis when compared to someone who developed this cancer from alcohol or tobacco use?

HPV-16 infection

better - fewer mutations

where is the most common area for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity to occur in young people who do not have a history of alcohol or tobacco use

base of tongue, tonsillar crypts (back of throat region)

what protein is overexpressed in someone who has squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity from an HPV infection

P16