Geog 2811 Sept 29th - The Second Demographic Transition & Migration

Flashcards covering key concepts, definitions, types, reasons, and statistics related to international migration and the Second Demographic Transition.

What is the definition of international migration in a geographic sense?

A change of residence across an administrative boundary, which can be intercontinental, international, inter-regional, or rural to urban.

What is international migration?

The permanent relocation of one's residential place and activity space.

What types of factors shape recent international migration perspectives?

Geographical proximity, trade and economic factors, conflicts and insecurity, and smuggling and human trafficking.

What is forced migration, also known as involuntary movement?

When people are compelled to flee their homes or are forcibly relocated, such as through forced slavery, political prosecution, or relocation to labor camps.

What characterizes 'Reluctant Relocation' in migration?

It is a migratory movement that is less than fully 'voluntary', including international refugees, resettled populations, internally displaced persons, and migrants due to political turmoil, repossession, or famine.

What is voluntary migration?

Permanent movement where migrants do not intend to return to their country of origin, often pursued in search of better opportunities and life circumstances.

How many refugees are there globally, according to the migration reports mentioned?

26.4 million

What is the estimated number of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) globally?

55 million

What is the global estimate for child migrants?

31 million

What two main categories explain why people migrate?

Push and pull factors.

What are some examples of 'push factors' for migration?

Political pressures like war, revolutions, or prosecution, lack of professional opportunity, slum clearance, poverty, and famine.

What are some examples of 'pull factors' for migration?

Economic opportunity to improve living conditions, and the chance for personal safety, liberty, freedom, and social/cultural opportunities.

What three aspects determine the nature of migration laws?

Geographic distance, political foreign relations between countries, and policy frameworks like quotas for migrants.

Based on the notes, who is considered a 'refugee'?

Persons who are outside their country because of a well-founded fear of persecution due to race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.