Cellular Respiration- Clayborne Test

Flashcards covering key terms related to nutrition and cellular respiration.

Calorie

energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.

Cellular Respiration

The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using light energy.

in cells- energy available in food is used to make:

ATP

Krebs Cycle

A stage of cellular respiration that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and produces ATP and electron carriers.

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

The final stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where ATP is produced using the energy from electrons.

Glycolysis

The first stage of cellular respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm, breaking glucose into pyruvate and producing ATP.

Fermentation

An anaerobic process that occurs after glycolysis in the absence of sufficient oxygen

Energy Balance

The relationship between calories consumed and calories expended, impacting weight management and overall health.

Autotrophs

Organisms like plants that produce their own food and oxygen through photosynthesis.

C6H12O6 + 6O2—>6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Chemical equation for cellular respiration

Cellular Respiration

releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Cellular Respiration

converts sugar into ATP

3 Stages of cellular respiration

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain (ETC)

Fermentation

occurs after glycolysis if there is no oxygen

Lactic Acid Fermentation

in animal and bacteria cells

simple sugar is broken down in the mitochondria?

glucose

What is created during a reaction?

product

What reactants are needed for respiration to happen?

glucose and oxygen

Carbon dioxide + water —>sun—>oxygen + glucose

equation for photosynthesis

How many ATP molecules are put together from the energy released during cellular respiration?

36-38

aerobic respiration

requires oxygen

Fermentation

is anaerobic respiration- no oxygen

3 parts of an ATP molecule

adenine, ribose, and 3 phosphate groups

ATP becomes ADP when a phosphate group is removed

True

What order are macromolecules broken down for energy?

carbs then lipids then proteins