Biology 1 - Chapter 6 Niches, Community Interactions, Biodiversity, and Succession

biotic factors

any living part of an ecosystem

biotic factor examples

plants, animals, bacteria, fungi

abiotic factors

any nonliving part of an ecosystem

abiotic factor examples

rocks, water, air, climate, and temperature

niche

the role of an organism in its environment (job)

habitat

the organism’s environment or where it lives (address)

what are the main types of symbiotic relationships

mutualism, commensalism, parasitism

mutualism

both organisms benefit from one another (+/+)

commensalism

one organism benefits, the other is unaffected/unharmed (+/O)

parasitism

one organism lives in/on another organism and harms it (+/-)

succession

how an environment changes and rebuilds over time (species die out and others replace)

primary succession

the initial development of an ecosystem where no soil exists (pioneer species is needed)

secondary succession

when an ecosystem regrows after a disturbance such as wildfires or other large disturbances (land where soil exists; much faster due to the nutrients from previous generations)

1. geographic range

2. population density and distribution

3. population age structure

4. growth rate

what are the four factors that affect population growth?

biodiversity

the total of all genetically based variation in all organisms

ecosystem, species, and genetic diversity

types of biodiversity

the more biodiversity an ecosystem has, the more resilient it is likely to be

what is the connection between biodiversity and resilience? (importance of biodiversity)

1. Purifying water

2. Buffering effects of weather

3. Pollinating

4. Regulation pests

5. Food production

6. Nutrient cycle

7. Maintaining soil structure

what are the 7 ecosystem services that are a result of biodiversity (from your notes)?

competition —> fighting for resources

predation —> hunting organisms for food

symbiosis —> any relationship where 2 species live closely together

what are the 3 different categories of community interactions?

no two species can have the same niche in the same ecosystem at the same time

competitive exclusion principle