Physical Assessment of newborn + respiratory system

What is an umbilical hernia and what should be checked in it?

An umbilical hernia is associated with weakness in the abdominal wall; it should be soft and not tight to avoid strangulation of the bowel.

What is duodenal atresia?

Duodenal atresia is an obstruction of the duodenum, characterized by symptoms such as abdominal distension, absence of stool, jaundice, and bilious emesis.

What does the presence of a bluish/white umbilical cord indicate?

A bluish/white umbilical cord typically indicates that it contains one vein and two arteries and measures usually 30-90 centimeters.

Describe omphalocele.

Omphalocele is a common abdominal wall defect where abdominal contents are herniated through a defect in the abdominal wall at the umbilicus.

What is gastroschisis?

Gastroschisis is characterized by the extrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall, typically located to the right of the umbilicus.

What is extrophy of the bladder?

Extrophy of the bladder is a congenital defect where the bladder is exposed outside the body due to a failure of the abdominal wall to close properly.

How should a nurse care for an infant with an abdominal wall defect?

The nurse should place saline sterile gauze or a plastic bowel bag, position the baby on their side, and place a nasogastric tube.

What does a Moro reflex indicate in a newborn?

A Moro reflex is a startle reflex that occurs when a baby feels a sensation of falling, involving throwing back of the head and extending arms and legs.

What are suck blisters?

Suck blisters are small blisters that develop on the hands and forearms of newborns typically caused by sucking on their skin.

What is Myelomeningocele?

Myelomeningocele is a type of spina bifida where the spinal canal does not close completely, leading to spinal tissue protrusion and potential severe disabilities.