Communication Disorders

Phonology

the linguistic rules governing a language’s sound system.

Phenome

a speech sound that differentiates word meanings

Morphology

a language’s basic units of meaning and how those units are combined into words

Morphemes

the smallest elements of language that carry meaning]

Syntax

the system of rules governing the meaningful arrangement of words

Semantics

the meaning of words and combinations of words 

Pragmatics

governs the social use of language

Speech

the oral production of language

Processes of speech sounds

Respiration, phonation, resonation, articulation

Respiration

breathing provides power for speech

Phonation

the production of sound when the vocal folds of the larynx are drawn together by the contraction of specific muscles, causing the air to vibrate

Resonation

the sound quality of the vibrating air, shaped as it passes through the throat, mouth, and sometimes nasal cavities

Articulation

the formation of specific, recognizable, speech sounds by the tongue, lips, and mouth

ASHA

defines communication disorders as an impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts or verbal, nonverbal, and graphic symbol systems