important psych people

Adler

neo-Freudian, everyone is trying to overcome a sense of inferiority

Ainsworth

developed “Strange Situation” experiment to observe different styles of attachment

Allport

first described personality through traits

Bandura

developed the Bobo Doll experiment, suggests that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating the behavior of others

Baumrind

described three types of parenting styles

Asch

conducted study to observe how far people can go before they conform through line estimates

Binet

helped develop the IQ test

Chomsky

language is innate

Erikson

expanded Freud's original five stages to encompass the years of life after early childhood with 7 stages of development

Freud

founder of psychoanalysis

Gage

got into an accident that resulted in a rod going through his frontal lobe, offered evidence that the frontal lobe was involved in personality because his personality completely changed

Gardner

challenged the notion of g-factor and believed that all of us possess different types of intelligences (8 of them)

Harlow

contact comfort is important for child development

William James

functionalism

Jung

collective unconscious, archetypes, introversion and extraversion

Kohlberg

came up with 3 stages of moral development

Maslow

used hierarchy of needs to explain motivation

Milgram

Experiment tested how far people would go to obey authority to shock the learner, humans tend to obey commands issued by an authority figure

Pavlov

demonstrated classical conditioning with dogs associating the bell with food so they salivate when the bell rings

Piaget

described three stages of child development

Rogers

founder of humanistic psychology, unconditional positive regard

Rorschach

developing a projective test designed to reflect unconscious parts of the personality that project into the visual stimuli generated by the inkblots

Skinner

behaviorist, operant conditioning, box with the rat who learned to push the lever for food

Spearman

g-factor for intelligence

Sternberg

practical, creative, and analytical intelligences

Thorndike

came up with Law of Effect: responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation

Vygotsky

came up with Zone of Proximal Development: the difference between what a learner can do without assistance and what a learner can do with adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers

Watson

Little Albert experiment demonstrated that fear could be conditioned

Wundt

founded experimental psychology and showed that introspection could be studied

Zimbardo

Stanford prison experiment, role-playing

Titchener

structuralism