The Lincolnshire Uprising and the Pilgrimage of Grace

What did these rebellions together comprise?

The largest single rebellion in the history of Tudor England

Where and when did it begin?

As a rising in Lincolnshire in early October 1536

Where did it spread to?

the Humber into the East Riding of Yorkshire and then into West Ridinh

Where did a second and more militant rising start?

Between Ripon and Richmond

What were the rebels like in the second rebellion and why?

More radicalised and hostile to the gentry bc of their grievances against their landlords

Why was class antagonism clear?

Letters sent out in the name of ‘Captain poverty’

What sparked the rebellion?

Huge resentment towards a govt that was pushing too quickly for fundamental religious changes that most ordinary people couldn’t understand

Effects of dissolution of monasteries

Loss of charitable and educational functions

Possible loss of Parish churches

Fear north would be impoverished by monastic land falling into hands of southerners

Usefulness of the facilities and services which the monasteries offered

Who was the rebel leader?

Robert Aske

How could you see the importance of the monasteries to the rebels?

Attempted to restore some of the houses which had been suppressed

What was Aske a supporter of?

Monasteries

What did rebels have fears of?

Losing parish churches and traditional religious practices

Why didn’t people like the 1536 royal injunctions?

Seen as attacking trad religious practices

What celebrations had been discouraged?

Celebrating locally important saints such as St Wilfred in parts of Yorkshire

What else was discouraged?

Pilgrimages

What rumours were admist?

Church plate and jewels would be confiscated and parishes might be amalgamated

What secular motives were there?

Economic grievances- resentment of taxation

Crown’s attempt to impose the Duke of Suffolk upon Lincolnshire as a great magnate

Courtly conspiracy prompted by councillors who had been supporters of C of A- she died Jan 1536- motive was restoration of Mary as heir - exploited religious and financial concerns of northerners to put pressure on the king

What was important about this rebellion?

One of the most geographically spread rebellions in Tudor England and most popular in terms of participation

How did the Lincolnshire rebellion collapse quickly?

Faced with forces of the Duke of Suffolk

What did the northern rebels occupy and capture?

Occupied York and Hull

Captured pontefract castle

Who commandeered the army sent north?

Duke of Norfolk

What happened when Norfolk encountered rebels near Doncaster?

He was outnumbered

How did Norfolk sought to diffuse the rebellion?

issue of pardon

promise that the dissolved monasteries would be restored

free parliament established

What did these promises lead to?

Dispersing rebel forces

Did the king intend to honour these promises?

No

Where was the rebellion renewed in Feb 1537

Cumberland and East Riding

What did this new rebellion lead to?

Norfolk supressing them, declaring martial law and hanging 74 rebels

What happened to several members of the gentry/ heads of monastic houses eg Darcy and Hussey?

They were brought to London, tried, and executed W

Why did H8 deal with the rebellion poorly?

Ignored warnings about the increase in resentmentW

What ddin’t the pilgrimage slow?

Pace of religious change