group 2 bacterias

is escherichia coli multicellular, acellular or unicellular

uniceullar

is escherichia coli prokaryotic or eukaryotic

prokaryotic

how does escherichia coli gram stain

gram negative

what is the shape of escherichia coli

rod shaped

where is escherichia coli generally found

globally

how is escherichia coli transmitted

fecal-oral, contaminted food, water or infected individuals

escherichia coli signs and symptoms

stomach cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, hemolytic uremic syndrome, malaise, losing pink color in cheeks. UTI

how is escherichia coli diagnosed

stool culture, antibiotic sensitivity test

what is the causitive agent of escherichia coli

escherichia coli

how is escherichia coli treated

supportative care, hydration, possible kidney dialysis

how is escherichia coli prevented

proper hygiene and sanitation

does escherichia coli have virulence factors

Shiga toxin 1 and 2

encapsulated

is Gonorrhea multicellular, unicellular or acellular

unicellular

is Gonorrhea prokaryotic or eukaryotic

prokaryotic

what shape is Gonorrhea 

spherical/diplococci

what is the causative agent of gonorrhea

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

where is Gonorrhea typically found

global, higher in urban areas w/ high risk sexual behaviors

how is Gonorrhea transmitted

STI, can be mother to infant

signs and symptoms of Gonorrhea 

burning sensation when peeing, colored discharge, rectal infections, itching, swollen genitals, PID in women

does gonorrhea have virulence factors

endotoxins

encapsulated

how is gonorrhea diagnosed

urine test/culture, PCR/NAAT from specimen swabs to detect gonorrhea bacteria

how does Gonorrhea stain

• gram negative

• endospore negative

• capsule stain positive

• acid fast negative

how is Gonorrhea treated

ceftriaxone

how is Gonorrhea prevented

safe sex, screening, testing

is Pneumococcal pneumonia unicellular, acellular or multicellular

unicellularis

is Pneumococcal pneumonia prokaryotic or eukaryotic  

prokaryotic

what cell shape is Pneumococcal pneumonia

cocci

what is the genus species of Pneumococcal pneumonia

streptococcus pneumonia

where is Pneumococcal pneumonia generally found

global, more common in low/middle income countries

how is Pneumococcal pneumonia transmitted

direct contact w/ respiratory secretions

what are the signs and symptoms of Pneumococcal pneumonia

fever, cough, chest pain, empyema, pericarditis, malaise, endobronchial obstruction. bloody sputum, confusion

does Pneumococcal pneumonia have virulence factors

• facultative anerobe

• encapsulated

how is Pneumococcal pneumonia diagnosed

spinal tap, blood culture, NAAT, serology testh

how does Pneumococcal pneumonia stain

• gram positive

• capsule stain positive

• acid fast negative

• endospore negative

how is Pneumococcal pneumonia treated

penicillin, ceftriaxone, macrolides, vaccine (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine)

how is Pneumococcal pneumonia prevented

vaccination, proper hygiene

is Listerosis acellular, unicellular or multicellular

unicellular

is Listerosis prokaryotic or eukaryotic

prokaryotic

what shape are Listerosis bacteria

rod-shaped

what is the genus species of Listerosis

listeria monocytogenes

where is Listerosis commonly found

NA, EU, Japan

how is Listerosis transmitted

foodborne, contaminated food, raw milk, perinatal, high risk to pregnant/immunocompromised

signs and symptoms of Listerosis

flu-like symptoms, GI symptoms

how is Listerosis diagnosed

bacteria culture from body fluid (urine, placenta, spinal tap)

how does Listerosis stain

• gram positive

• endospore negative

• capsule stain negative

• acid fast negative

how is Listerosis treated

ampicillin, gentamicin

how is Listerosis prevented

proper food safety, pregnancy precautions

is Tetanus unicellular, multicellular or acellular

unicellular

is Tetanus prokaryotic or eukaryotic

prokaryotic

what shape are Tetanus bacteria cells

rod shaped

does Tetanus contain virulence factors

• anaerobic

• endospore forming

• flagella

what is the genus species of Tetanus 

clostridium tetani

where is Tetanus generally found

global, higher in developing countries

how is Tetanus transmitted

enters the body via cuts like a puncture via contaminated nails, soil, manure, contaminated objects

signs and symptoms of Tetanus 

jaw cramping, muscle spams, difficulty breathing, sweating, fever, seizures

how is Tetanus diagnosed

clinical diagnosis, asking about recent history of cuts/scraps and travel history

how does Tetanus stain

• gram positive

• endospore positive

• capsule stain negative

• acid fast negative

how is Tetanus treated

chloramphenicol, diazepam, methocarbamol, penicillin, TDaP vaccine

how is tetanus prevented

vaccination (TDaP), proper wound care

is Tuberculosis unicellular, multicellular, or acellular

unicellular

is Tuberculosis prokaryotic or eukaryotic

prokaryotic

what is the genus species of Tuberculosis 

mycobacterium tuberculosis

where is Tuberculosis found

global, higher in low/middle income countries, high risk to immunocompromised

how is Tuberculosis transmitted

airborne, close contact b/w people

signs and symptoms of tuberculosis

respiratory issues, malaise, bloody sputum, weight loss, fever, night sweats

how is Tuberculosis diagnosed

TB skin test, TB blood test, chest Xray, sputum sample

how does Tuberculosis stain

• gram positive

• endospore negative

• acid fast positive

• capsule negative

what shape do Tuberculosis cells have

rod shaped

how is Tuberculosis treated

4 month rifapentine-moxifloacin regimen, or 6-9 month RIPE TB regimen

how is Tuberculosis prevented

vaccine (not available in the US), infection control, health screening