NEED TO LEARN

60 diseases for CDM

Acromegaly

Endocrine system - pituitary glands
Excessive growth hormone
Large hands, feet, and facial features
Surgery
Medical therapy
Depends on if surgery can remove it all or if medications can prevent remission

Addison disease

Endocrine system - adrenal glands
Low cortisol levels
Bronze skin
Low BP and blood sugar
Treat with steroids
Lifelong treatment

Alzheimer’s disease/dementia

Nervous system
Progressive memory loss
Certain medications and treatments can help
Gradual decline, progressive and irreversible

Athlete’s Foot

Integumentary system
Fungus that is itchy painful and peeling
antifungal medications
Usually curable, rarely not but only if left untreated

Benign prostatic hypertrophy

male urinary and reproductive systems
Non-cancerous where the prostate grows larger than normal
Medications relating to the alpha gene, PDE5 inhibitors
Surgery (minimally invasive)
Non-cancer and manageable
Good with medications or surgery

Cancer

EVERYWHERE?? Lymphatic system I guess
Uncontrolled dividing of cells
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Surgery
Early detection improves survival, usually treatable DEPENDING ON TYPE

Cataract

Nervous system KINDA
The eye lens gradually becomes cloudy
Laser surgery or surgical removal of lens
Surgical removal restores vision

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Nervous system
Aka stroke
trouble walking, speaking, and understanding, as well as paralysis or numbness of the face, arm, or leg.
Medications
Supportive care
Therapy
Surgery
Depends on the type, location, and age of the individual

Cholecystitis

Digestive system
Inflammation of the gallbladder
Pain after eating fatty foods
Cholecystectomy
Resolved with treatment, gallbladder removal

Cirrhosis

Digestive
Bad liver due to alcohol abuse
JAUNDICE?
Medications, low sodium diet
Surgery
Chronic and progressive leading to liver failure
depends on the cause and liver condition

Cushing’s syndrome

endocrine
Production of excessive amount of cortisol
Steroids
Surgery to remove
Treatment improves symptoms and life expectancy
Untreated = serious consequences

Cystitis

excretory
Bladder infection
UTI - inflammation of the bladder
Antibiotics
Treatable with antibiotics
Untreated = kidney infections

Diabetes mellitus

Endocrine system
Chronic metabolic disease measured by high blood sugar levels
Insulin injections
Lifelong condition
Management affects how people live

Eczema

Integumentary
Skin disease
Itchy, scaly, rash-like
Lotions of sorts
Chronic but manageable with treatment
Flare-ups are controllable

Endometriosis

reproductive
Uterus tissue growing outside of the uterus
Surgery
Hormone medications
Managed with medication or surgery

Epilepsy

nervous
Seizures
Medications
Medication makes it controllable

Fibromyalgia

Central nervous system
Chronic muscle fatigue
Widespread pain
Caused sleep issues
Antidepressants
Pain management
Therapy (cognitive)
Chronic painful condition with no cure

Fracture

Skeletal
A break or crack in the bone
Surgery, cast/boot
Recovery time depends on the severity, generally good prognosis

Gastroenteritis/Diarrhea

Digestive
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines caused by bacteria or fungus
DIARRHEA SYMPTOMS
Antibiotics
Oral rehydration
Resolves on its own in a few days

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Digestive
Stomach contents flow back up the esophagus causing heartburn or regurgitation
Antacids
Proton pump inhibitors
Dietary modifications
Chronic and manageable with lifestyle changes

Gigantism

Lymphatic system
Excessive growth hormone
Surgery - removing the pituitary tumor
Medications
Radiation therapy
Treated early = controlled growth
Untreated = joint problems

Glaucoma

Nervous system
Group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve
Vision loss or blurriness
Laser therapy, medications, surgery
Treatment to prevent vision loss

Glomerulonephritis

Excretory
Group of kidney diseases
Damage glomeruli
Blood pressure management
Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive medications
Complete recovery OR kidney failure **depends on the situation

Gout

muscular/skeletal
Inflammatory arthritis
Big toe
Uric acid build-up
Uric acid-lowering drugs
NSAIDs for pain relief
Manageable with medication and dietary changes
Joint damage if not treated

Hernia

Muscular
Protrusion of intestines through abdominal muscles
Surgery
Surgery for correction
Complications if not treated

HIV/AIDS

immune
The virus that attacks the body's immune system
Antiretroviral therapy
Infection prevention
No cure but with treatment people can live good
Untreated it may be fatal

Hodgkin’s Disease

lymphatic
Painless swelling of lymph nodes
Lymphoma
Chemo
Radiation
Treatable, good if detected early
High survival rates

Incontinence

urinary
Can’t retain urine
Medications
Behavioral therapy
surgery(?)
Variable prognosis but manageable

Infectious mononucleosis

Lymphatic
Mono
Virus
Spread by DIRECT contact or kissing
Rest, fluids, pain receivers
Antiviral drugs
Resolves in a few weeks, with fatigue
Rare complications

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

digestive
Chronic abdominal pain
Bloating
Change in bowel movements
Dietary changes
Medications - laxatives
Chronic but manageable
No severe complications

Lupus erythematosus

everything
Chronic autoimmune disease
System attacking healthy organs
NSAIDs
Anti-malarial drugs
Immunosuppressive
Chronic with periods of flare-ups

Macular degeneration

visual
Eye disorder as a person ages
Dimming of vision or distortion
Anti-VEGF injections
Laser therapy
Vitamins
Progressive and leads to vision loss, treatments can slow it down

Mastitis

reproductive
Inflammation of breast tissues
Caused by infection
Common when breastfeeding
Antibiotics
Pain relievers
Treatable with antibiotics
If untreated may cause complications

Melanoma

integumentary
Skin cancer in melanocytes
Dangerous
Surgical excision
Immunotherapy
chemo/radiation
If caught early can be treated
Not caught early can be fatal

Meniere’s disease

EAR
Chronic inner ear disorder
Episodes of vertigo or tinnitus
Diuretics for fluid management
Antihistamines (anti-nausea)
Chronic but manageable symptoms

Meningitis

Nervous system
Inflammation of membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
Antibiotics
Antiviral medications
Bacteria can be fatal if not treated
Viral is less severe

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Integumentary
Contagious skin infection
Resistant to antibiotics
Antibiotics
Draining abscesses
Fatal if untreated
Infections resolve with treatment

Multiple sclerosis

Nervous
Autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)
Immune system attacking myelin sheath
Disease-modifying therapies
Steroids
Progressive with worsening symptoms
Treatment can slow progression and manage symptoms

Muscular dystrophy

Muscular
Muscle cells deteriorating
Physical therapy
Steroids
Progressive muscle weakness
Varying rates of progression

Osteoarthritis

muscle /skeletal
Degenerative joint disease where cartilage breaks down
Pain reliefs
Physical therapy
Joint injections
Therapy
Chronic condition with no cure
Joint replacement surgery with severe cases

Osteoporosis

skeletal
Weak bones as you age
Usually in females
calcium/vitamin D
Bisphosphonates
A progressive condition, leading to fracture risk
Management for prevention of fractures

Otitis media

Ear
Middle ear infection
Antibiotics
Pain relievers
Resolved with antibiotics
Hearing loss if untreated

Parkinson’s disease

Nervous
Neuro disorder that impacts balance, movement, etc
Deep brain stimulation
physical/occupational therapy
Dopamine agonists
Progressive with no cure, managed with medications and therapy

Pelvic inflammatory disease

reproductive
Infection of the female reproductive system
Ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes
Antibiotics, surgery
Can lead to infertility if left untreated
Antibiotics can cure it

Peptic ulcers

Digestive
Sore that opens on the inner stomach or small intestine
Antibiotics
Antacids
Proton pump inhibitors
Treatable with medication
Untreated = complications like bleeding and perforation

Prostate cancer

reproductive system
Abnormal cells growing in the prostate gland
Treated by surgery, radiation, chemotherapy
Detected early = high survival
Aggressive treatment if advanced cases

Renal calculi

Urinary
Kidney stones
Hard deposits in kidneys
Hydration
Shock wave treatment
SURGERY
Good with treatment
Recur and may require management

Rheumatoid arthritis

Immune, musculoskeletal
Autoimmune disorder
Affects your joints
DMARDs
Biologic agents
NSAIDs for pain relief
Chronic and progressive
Manageable with medication

Ringworm

integumentary
Fungus
Highly contagious
Antifungal creams
Treatable with antifungals, rarely complications

Scabies

integumentary
Mites on skin
Topical cream
Oral ivermectin
Treatable with medication
Untreated = secondary bacterial infections

Scoliosis

skeletal, muscular, nervous, digestive, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems
The curvature of the spine
Bracing
Surgery
Depends on severity
Mild cases = no treatment
Severe cases = surgery

Tendonitis

Skeletal and muscular
Inflammed tendons or joints
rest/ice
NSAIDs
Physical therapy
Treatable with rest, PT, and medication

Tetanus

nervous
Bacterial infection
Causes muscle spasms (jaw and neck)
Antibiotics
Muscle relaxants/pain relievers
Life-threatening without treatment
Medical intervention = recovery is possible

Tetany

Nervous and muscular
Involuntary muscle contractions
Low calcium levels
Calcium supplements
Vitamin D
Treatable by addressing the underlying cause

Thrush

Digestive
Fungal infection of the mouth
Antifungal
Treatable with antifungals, rare complications

Tonsillitis

Immune and lymphatic systems
Inflammation of tonsils
Antibiotics
Pain relievers
Treatable with antibiotics
Chronic = tonsillectomy

Toxic shock syndrome

cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and renal systems
Bacteria (staphylococcus)
Antibiotics
Life-threatening without treatment
Medical care improves survival rates

Renal failure - Acute

Urinary system
Kidneys are not able to filter waste from blood
SUDDENLY
fluid/electrolyte management
Dialysis
Reversible with treatment, untreated = death

Renal failure - Chronic

Urinary system
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Dialysis or kidney transplant
Blood pressure control
Progressive and irreversible
Manageable with dialysis or kidney transplant

Strain

Musculoskeletal
Injury to muscle or tendon
Rest and ice
NSAIDs
Physical therapy
Rest and PT, recovery time depends on the severity