canines

When do maxillary canines begin formation?

4-5 months

When do maxillary canines erupt?

11-12 years

When do maxillary canines have a completed root?

13-15 years

When do mandibular canines begin formation?

4-5 months

When do mandibular canines erupt?

9-10 years

When do mandibular canines have a completed root?

12-14 years

Other names for canines

- key teeth
- corner stones of the dental arch
- eye teeth

functions of canines

- Support lips and cheeks; contribute to facial structure
- Cut, pierce, shear food
- Protect (separate, "disclude") posterior teeth during mandibular movements in canine-guided/canine-protected occlusion

Mesial cusp slope + distal cusp slope =

incisal ridge

Maxillary canines - cusp tip (facial view)

Cusp tip is LABIAL AND MESIAL to the crown center

Maxillary canines - distal outline vs mesial outline

D outline: more curved, cervical constriction

Maxillary canines - CEJ position

CEJ convex toward the apex

Maxillary Canines - Mesial Contact

junction of Incisal and Middle thirds

Maxillary Canines - Distal Contact

in the middle third

Maxillary Canine - Cingulum position

almost centered on the crown mesiodistally.

Maxillary canine - facial hight of contour

mesial - junction of incisal and middle thirds

distal - middle third

Maxillary Canine - distal versus mesial depression

- the D depression is usually larger (wider F/L), and deeper than the M depression.
- It begins near the CEJ and runs the length of the root structure.

Maxillary canine - Height of the cingulum from the proximal view equals...

almost half the height of the crown

Maxillary canine - cusp tip position (side view)

Cusp tip slightly facial to center on the crown

Maxillary canine - curvature of the CEJ - mesial VS distal

Curvature of the CEJ greater on the mesial than on the distal.

Maxillary canine - is the depression deeper on the mesial or distal root surface?

distal root surface

Maxillary canine - root apex curve (side view)

curves slightly facial (from side view)

Crown to root ratio - maxillary canine VS mandibular canine

mandibular canine has longer crown and shorter root

Mandibular canine - mesial outline of crown and root

almost a straight line joining the crown and root.

Mandibular Canine - Cusp tip position (facial view)

usually centered to the middle of tooth The incisal ridge and cusp tip of a mandibular canine are typically slightly lingual to the root axis line

Mandibular Canine - Facial height of contour

close to the cervical line

Mandibular canine - distal proximal contact vs mesial contact

D: junction of incisal and middle 1/3's
M: Incisal 1/3 (close to the MI angle)

Mandibular Canine - Crown and Root Taper

both the crown and the root taper towards the lingual

Mandibular Canine - Cusp Tip Position - Lingual View

mesial to center on the crown

Mandibular Canine - Mesial Cusp Slope VS Distal Cusp Slope - Lingual View

mesial cusp slope is shorter than the distal cusp slope

Mandibular Canine - Cusp Tip Position (side view)

lingual position of cusp tip

Mandibular Canine - Mesial VS Distal Depression

distal depression is usually deeper

Cingulum of Maxillary Canine vs Mandibular Canine

cingulum is more prominent on maxillary canine

Mandibular Canine - Facial Surface area VS lingual surface area (incisal view)

more F than L surface visible from the incisal

Mandibular canine - facial/lingual dimension versus mesial/distal dimension

F/L dimension > M/D dimension

Mandibular Canine - facial height of contour (incisal view)

mesial to center of crown

Mandibular Canine - cingulum position (incisal view)

cingulum is centered slightly to the distal

Mandibular Canine - position of cusp tip (incisal view)

F/L – Lingual to center

M/D – Mesial to center

Mandibular Canine - mesial versus distal crown outline (incisal view)

distal outline more convex & "outreaching"/bulging

Overall tooth length - maxillary versus mandibular canine

overall the same tooth length

Crown width - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

maxillary has wider crown (facial to lingual)

root width - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

mandibular canine has wider root

length of crown - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

mandibular has longer crown

length of root - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

maxillary has longer root

depressions - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

depressions in the mandibular canine are usually deeper

cusp tips - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

Max cusp tip facial to center on crown

Mand cusp tip lingual to center on the crown

height of cingulum - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

Max canine cingulum is approximately half the height of the crown
Mand canine cingulum is shorter and more subtle in contour

facial height of contour - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

both in cervical third
Mand canine Facial height of contour more subtle.

Apical anatomy - maxillary canine vs mandibular canine

Mx canine root apex may curve facially