Bacterial Diversity

Flashcards about Bacteria

What is a bacterial phylum?

A group of bacteria sharing a common ancestor that diverged early from other bacteria, based on small-subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) sequences.

What are some examples of deep-branching bacteria?

Aquificae, Thermotogae, Deinococcus, Fusobacteria and Chloroflexi

What are deep-branching taxa?

A lineage whose genome sequences diverged early, at or before the well-known phyla

What are Cyanobacteria?

Named for the blue phycocyanin accessory pigments possessed by some genera and are responsible for all of the oxygen gas in Earth’s atmosphere.

What different types of groups do cyanobacteria grow in?

Single celled, filamentous, and colonial

What are the three distinct phylogenetic branches of gram-positive bacteria?

Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Tenericutes

What is a key characteristic of Firmicutes?

Low-GC species

What are the endospore-forming rods in the phylum Firmicutes?

Bacillus and Clostridium

Name some non-spore formers in The phylum Firmicutes.

Listeria, lactic acid bacteria, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus

What is a key characteristic of Actinobacteria?

High-GC species

What are the Actinomycetes in the phylum Actinobacteria?

Streptomyces

Name some non-mycelial forms in The phylum Actinobacteria.

Mycobacterium and Corynebacterium

What are Tenericutes?

Completely lost their cell wall and S-layer, best-known genus is Mycoplasma

What characteristics do all Proteobacteria share?

Share a common structure with a triple-layered Gram-negative cell envelope, Outer membrane, cell wall (periplasm), and cell membrane.

What are the five classes of Proteobacteria?

Alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon

Name some examples of Spirochetes.

Treponema, Borrelia, and Leptospira

What cellular structure do Planctomycetes have?

A nucleus-like compartment

What is a key feature of Verrumicrobia?

Cell projections with tubulin

What is the parasitic behavior of Chlamydiae?

Intracellular parasites

What are the two developmental stages of Chlamydiae?

Elementary body and Reticulate body