Overview of US District Courts and Judicial Processes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the structure and processes of US district courts as discussed in the lecture notes.

Civil lawsuits

Legal disputes between individuals or entities in which the plaintiff seeks compensation or remedy from the defendant.

Plea bargains

Agreements in criminal cases where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge in exchange for a more lenient sentence.

District court judge

A judge who presides over a district court and handles cases, both civil and criminal.

Judicial discretion

The power of judges to make decisions based on their judgment and interpretations of the law.

Judges' role in court

Primarily involves interpreting the law, managing cases, and overseeing legal proceedings rather than actively engaging in trials.

Trial court

A court where cases are tried, and evidence is presented to determine the outcome.

Federal district courts

Trial courts of the federal judiciary that hear civil and criminal cases.

Case management

The administrative process by which a judge oversees the legal proceedings and ensures efficient resolution of cases.

Judicial opinions

Written explanations by judges outlining their reasoning in deciding cases.

Courtroom rules of procedure

Established guidelines that govern the conduct of trials and hearings within the courtroom.

Article III courts

Federal courts established under Article III of the Constitution, including the Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals, and District Courts.

Article I courts

Specialty courts created by Congress with limited jurisdiction and specific functions.