Lumbar Spine Studyguide

displacement of disc material beyond normal limited of the intervetebral space is known as?

Disc herniation

Distortion/displacement of disc material:

Herniation

Nuclear material buldging against an outer annulus — displaced disc material still contained by the outer annulus

Protrusion

(without sequestration) of nuclear material through the outer annulus but still in contact with the disc:

Extrusion

Extrusion with SEQUESTRATION of nuclear material beyond the annulus:

Extrusion with sequestration

Where does fatigue breakdown normally occur?

L4/5, S1/2, and C6/7

Where is fatigue breakdown extremely rare?

Thoracic region

Repeated loading of the spine in what ways causes fatigue breakdown overtime?

Flexion with asymmetrical side bending, and torsion stresses

Traumatic rupture is usually brought on by

Fatigue breakdown coupled with a traumatic hyperflexion injury

Which reflex is impaired in a nerve root injury to C5 (and 6)

Biceps

Which reflex is impaired in a nerve root injury to C6 (and 5)

Brachioradialis

Which reflex is impaired in a nerve root injury to C7

Tricepts

Which reflex is impaired in a nerve root injury to L3/4?

Patellar

Which reflex is impaired in a nerve root injury to S1?

Achilles

Sustained, repetitive extension should reduce symptoms of:

HNP

This is a depiction of:

Mckenzie (Passive) Extension Program

______ ________ into extension does not allow for redistribution of the fluids

Sudden movement

Removal of (some or all of the) lamina, spinous process, ligamentum flavum → segment loses anatomical stabilization but retains segmental mobility describes a:

Laminectomy

Reduces or eliminates segmental motion, reduces mechanical stress in the region, and

reduces incidence of additional HNP at that level may expedite degenerative process, create adjacent hypermobility, and alter overall spinal mechanics Describes a:

Fusion

A narrowing of a spinal canal or foramen is known as a:

Stenosis

In stenosis ______ exacerbates symptoms.

extension

Spondylosis usually involves:

Degeneration of the IV discs or facet joints

What intervention is very affective in pts with stenosis and/or spondylosis?

Williams flexion series

If the pts pain increases with walking but decreases with flexion (walking on an incline) the pt likely has:

Neurogenic claudication

Anterior slippage of one vertebra on the one directly below it describes

Spondylolisthesis

Grade I Spondylolisthesis:

25% slippage

Grade II Spondylolisthesis:

26-50% slippage

Grade III Spondylolisthesis:

51-75% slippage

Grade IV Spondylolisthesis:

>75% slippage

In Spondylolisthesis ______ worses symptoms, but _____ relieves symptoms.

Extension, flexion

For are the two treatment approaches for the core in pts with Spondylolisthesis?

Abdominal bracing and drawing in maneuver

Sudden loss of function of lumbar plexus due to posterior HNP (462), central stenosis,

tumors, or trauma (other symptoms include Sudden loss of bowel & bladder

control, saddle anesthesia, loss of Achilles reflex) describes:

Cauda Equina Syndrome