Pre Vet Exam Review!

Zoonosis

diseases passed from animals to humans and vice versa

fomites

contaminated objects

Normal Canine body temperature

100.5-102.5F

Puppies have how many teeth?

28

adult dogs have how many teeth?

42

kittens have how many teeth?

26

adult cats have how many teeth?

30

normal heart rate range for dogs

70 and 220 bpm

large breeds have _____ heart rates

slower

puppies tend to have ______ heart rates

faster

normal heart range for a cat is between

140 and 220

kittens have a higher heart rate if

220 to 260

the lub dub of the heart represents the

closure of the valves between the chambers of the heart

S1 (first heart sound)

closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves

S2 (second heart sound)

closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves

normal canine respiratory rate is

10-30 breaths per minute

SOAP

S-story, O-objective, A-assessment, P-plan

involuntary tight closure of the eyelids

blepharospasm

what percent of dogs have significant oral pathology

80%

what’s the most common clinical condition occurring in adult dogs

periodontal disease

what measures eye pressure

tonometer

inward rolling of the eyelid

entropion

_____ are opacities in the lens of the eye

cataracts

an unprotected wound on the surface of the eye

corneal ulcer

branch that studies the structure and function of cells

cytology

applying a clean slide directly to a lesion, ulcer, or pustule

impression smear

scrape a small sample of skin

skin scraping

inserting a needle into a mass to collect a sample

fine needle aspirate

benign accumulations of fatty cells

lipomas

most common type of skin cancer in dogs- are malignant tumors and surgical excision is indicated

mast cell tumors

what does pruritus mean

itchiness

one of the most pruritic conditions a dog can get-zoonotic

scabies (sarcoptic mange)

large mites, not as itchy as scabies, but are zoonotic, and they walk

walking dandruff (cheyletiellosis)

cigar shaped - usually transferred to puppies within first days of life - is self limiting and will clear up on its own or w minimal intervention

demodectic mange (demodicosis)

most often in eat canals of puppies and kittens - resembles coffee grounds

ear mites (otodectes cynotis)

bacterial/fungal infections

otitis externa

what solution is added to the fecal sample in a fecal flotation

fecasol

these 3 spaghetti like worms live in the dogs intestines and can cause various signs including weight loss, diarrhea, and lethargy

roundworm, hookworms, and whipworms

long, segmented worms, often resemble grains of rice, that develop in fleas and are transmitted to dogs or cats when they ingest a flea

tapeworms

single called organisms that infect the intestine. contracted from fecal-contaminated soil.

coccidia

what do dogs/cats consume that gives them almost all their antibodies

colostrum

core feline vaccines

rabies, FHV and FVC, and FPV

core canine vaccines

rabies, CDV, CAV-2, CPV-2

made by applying a slide directly to a lesion

impression smear

One of the most pruritic conditions a dog and owner can get

sarcoptic mange

segments of this worm resembled rice

tapeworm

benign tumors composed of fat cells

lipoma

performed to search for roundworm, hookworm and coccidia

fecal flotation

“coffee grounds” debris in a kittens ears

otodectes cynotis (ear mites)

disease that primarily affects people and dogs- gotten from ticks. symptoms/ fever, dec appetite, lethargy, lameness

lyme disease

what do we use to test the patients for antibodies

4DX snap test

what does the 4DX snap test test for

lyme disease, heart worm, e canis, b burgdorferi

spread via ticks and infect and live within the white blood cells of their host. two names!

ehrlichiosis or tropical pancytopenis

heart worm is also called

filariasis

white blood cells are also called

leukocytes

formation of clots

platelets

anesthesias three components

analgesia (pain relief), amnesia (loss of memory), and immobilization

tapping corner of eye

palpebral reflex

what is regained just before the patient recovers consciousness (and u know to take tube out)

swallowing

pinch a digit and see if they withdraw the paw

pedal reflex

opening jaw to see resistance

jaw tone

the glottis forcibly closes during intubation ( common in cats)

laryngospasms

what to do to prevent laryngospasms

apply lidocaine

a viral infection of cats resulting in chronic immunosuppression

feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)

A fungal disease affecting keratinized tissues of the body

dermatophytosis

brachycephalics

short head breeds

eye popping out

exophtlamic

asian elephants spine is ___ and african elephants spine is _____

curved, straight

elephants may only digest and absorb ____% of what they eat

44

normal respiration for an elephant is (standing/ down)

10-12 breaths per minute standing and 4-5 breaths per minute recumbent

elephant body temp

97-99F

formula for measuring elephant

BW(KG) = (18xHG(cm))-3,336

how often should an elephant have a fecal analysis

every 6 months

caused by a benign tumor called a thyroid adenoma- metabolic rate increases

hyperthyroidism

treatment for hyperthyroidism

medical, radioactive iodine, surgical, and dietary options

is the a vaccine for fiv

no

antibiotics treat ______

bacteria

not clinical signs but virus still in body

latent

can ringworm be cured

yes