Physics Chapter 10 (Transfer Of Thermal Energy)

Define the term “Thermal Equilibrium”.

When a heat flows from a region with higher temperature to a region of lower temperature until there is no thermal flow anymore.

Define the term “Conduction”.

Transfer of thermal energy through solids.

Types of Bad Conductors/Good Insulators.

Glass, Plastic, Wool, Wood, Air.

Types of Good Conductors/Bad Insulators.

Iron, Copper.

2 states of matter that are a poor conductor of heat and why.

Liquid and gas because the particles are further apart which makes the collision between the particles less frequent.

Define the term “Convection”.

Transfer of thermal energy in fluids.

Describe the convection in liquids.

When the water at the bottom is heated, the molecules gain energy and move more. The volume of the water expands as there is space between the molecules. The density becomes lower and rises to the top.

Describe the convection in a gas.

When air is heated, the bottom region is warmer from the surrounding air. The molecules gain energy and move more. The volume of the air expands as there is space between the molecules.

Define the term “Radiation”.

Transfer of energy by waves or particles.

Define the term “Thermal Radiation”.

Transfer of thermal energy in the form of invisible waves called infrared radiation that can travel through a vacuum.

Best absorbers and emitters of radiation.

Black or Dull colour/textures.

Worst absorbers and emitters of radiation.

White and Shiny colour/textures.