Module 2 -- Humanities test #1

Romulus and Remus

Two brothers raised by a she-wolf; Romulus killed Remus and founded the city of Rome.

Aeneas

A Trojan who escaped the destruction of Troy and sailed to Rome to found the city, as told in Virgil's Aeneid.

Etruscans

An ancient civilization that taught the Romans about city planning, chariot racing, the toga, and the arch.

Greeks

They provided Romans with a system of gods, linguistic and literary principles, and a classical style of art.

Phoenicians

Bestowed the Romans with an alphabet and sailing skills.

Republic

A government established by Romans after overthrowing the Etruscan kings, characterized by elected senators making laws.

Patricians vs Plebians

Patricians were wealthy landowners with control over the Senate; Plebians were workers who farmed the land.

Julius Caesar

A successful general who conquered Rome and became its leader, known for the quote 'Veni, vidi, vici'.

Caesar Augustus

The name taken by Octavian after defeating Mark Antony, marking the transition from a republic to an empire.

Pax Romana

A period of 'Roman Peace' instituted by Augustus, with all power centralized in the emperor.

Pietas

A Roman value embodying respect for all people, especially the paterfamilias.

Duty

A Roman value emphasizing the obligation to perform one's duty to Rome.

Gravitas

A Roman value reflecting a deep sense of seriousness.

Pompeii

A city destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius on August 24, 79 CE, buried in volcanic ash.