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coping
alleviating stress using emotional/cognitive/behavioral methods
problem-focused coping
attempting to alleviate stress directly — by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor
emotion-focused coping
attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding/ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction
personal control
our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
learned helplessness
the hopelessness humans/other animals learn when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
external locus of control
perception that outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate
internal locus of control
the perception that we control our own fate
self-control
ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for greater long-term rewards
!!! freedom and (perceived) personal control