changing economic world

what is development

Its when a country is improving. Its the progress of econmic growth, use of technology and improving welfare whihc a country has made.

what is GNI

the total value of goods and services a country has made in a year

what are factors which limit using economic and social measures?

A single measure of development can give a false picture due to only being a average

Data could be unreliable, out of date or hard to collect

Data may not take into account informal economies

What is HDi

a measure of development which is calculated using income, education level and life expectancy between 0-1.

why is the HDI good?

It takes into accoutn a combination of measures meaning it tells you about a countries economic level and quality of life

what is the demographic transition model ?

A model which shows how birth rate and death rate affect population growth

Describe the 5 stages of the demographic transmition model

stage 1 - high birth rates due to lack of contraception and high infant mortality rates. High death rates due to no healthcare

stage 2 - not very developed. high birth rates due to lots of people having children to work in farms. Better healthcare increases life expectancy so death rate falls

stage 3 - the birth rate falls due to increased use of contraception and more women working instead of staying at home. The economy also switches from farming to manurfacturing. Improved healthcare lowers the death rate.

physical factors that affect a countries development

poor climate - Some countries can be really hot or rlly cold. This means that not much will grow leading t omalnourishment therefore low quality of life. It can also cause people to have fewer crops to sell so they will have less money to spend on goods and services. Less being sold results in less tax meaning the government has less money to spend on goods and services

lots natural disasters - Lots of natural distasters mean that they have to spend on lots of money in order to rebuild the country. This can reduce the quality of life of the people affected reducing the amount of money avaliable for the government to spend on redelevopment.

economic factors that affect uneven development

lots of debt - very poor countries borrow money from HICs to help cope with natural distasters. However this has to be paid back

historical causes of uneven devlopment

countries that were colonised are often at a lower development level when they gain independance. The colonisers removed raw materials and sold back manurfactured goods. This meant that the profit went to the colonisers and not the ones being colonised increasing inequality.

How can investment reduce the development gap ?

FDI is when people or companies in one country buy property or invest in infractruture in another . It leads to better access to finance, technology, and expertise.

How can aid reduce the devlopment gap

money or resources are given to countries by charity. This can be used in development projects like contructing schools. However once the money runs out then projects can stop working if there isnt enough knowledge and support.

where is Nigeria located ?

Its located in west africa bordering four countries. It extends from the gulf of guinea in the south and the salle in the north.

what is nigerias global importance

• in 2014 it was the 21st largest economoy and is still growing

  • Its the fifth largest contributor to the UN peacekeeping missions

regional importance in africa

It has the largest population than any other african country

it has one of the fastest growing economies in africa

what is Nigerias poloitcal context

During the colonial period, europians exploited africas resources and people. Nigeria was then ruled by the UK as a colony and became independant in 1960.

what is nigerias social conext

economic inequality between the islamic north and christian south of nigeria has created religious and ethnic tensions. This has created an unstable situaton with a negative impact on the economy.

cultural conext in nigeria

nollywood

Nigerian football team won the AFCON 3 times

How is manurfacturing affecting econmic development in nigeria

• regular paid work gives people a more secure income. This means that there is a large homemarket for products in nigeria such as cars

• More people are employed so revenue from tax increases

  • A thriving industrial sector attracts foreign investment

what is a TNC

A large company that operates in multiple countries

What are the advanages of TNCs in Nigeria

• companies proivde employment and development of new skills

• other local benefit from increased orders

• investment by companies for education

DISADV of TNCs in nigeria

local workers are sometimes poorly paid

working conidtions are sometimes rlly poor

what are types of aid

bilateral aid - aid from one country to another

tied aid - aid given with certain conditions

state three impacts of aid in nigeria

Aid from the USA helps prevent the spread of HIV

NGOs porvide education on malaria prevention and distribution of anti mosquito nets

The community care in nigeria provide support for orpahns

what are the causes of economic change in the UK?

deindustrilisation - the decline of tradiational industries. This is because machines and tech have replaced any people. Other countries can also produce cheaper goods because labour isnt as expensive

Globaisation - many people now work in the quaternary sector