Florida History Review

Flashcards about the Civil War, Reconstruction, Industry, Progressive Era, American Imperialism, WWI, The Roaring 20s, Rosewood, The Great Depression, WWII, The Cold War, Postwar Prosperity, The Sixties, American Social Issues, and Terrorism eras in Florida's history.

Ordinance of Secession

Adopted by Florida's General Assembly on January 10, 1861, leading to Florida seceding from the United States.

Fort Pickens

Union troops occupied this fort near Pensacola and used it as their headquarters in Florida during the Civil War.

Robert E. Lee

Confederate commander who aimed to preserve the interior of Florida as a source of agricultural produce and cattle for the South.

Battle of Olustee

In 1864, Confederate troops led by General Joseph Finnegan defeated Union soldiers in this battle.

Tallahassee

Occupied by federal troops on May 10, 1865, marking the end of the Civil War in Florida.

Johnathan C. Gibbs

A preacher and graduate of Dartmouth College, he became Florida's Secretary of State during Reconstruction.

Josiah T. Walls

A former slave and Union veteran, he was the first black Floridian elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, serving three terms.

Jim Crow Laws

Enacted by Southern Democrats in Florida after regaining control of the state government in 1877, mirroring other Southern States.

Debt Peonage

A unique form of servitude that developed in the pine forests of Florida at the end of Reconstruction, lasting until the 1940s.

Henry Morrison Flagler

Partner of John D. Rockefeller in the Standard Oil Company who significantly contributed to Florida's development through hotels, railroads, and real estate.

Florida East Coast Railroad

Formed by Flagler merging several smaller railroads, connecting the entire length of Florida from Jacksonville to Key West.

William Sherman Jennings

Governor of Florida from 1901 to 1905, who reclaimed land from railroad barons and increased the power of the Florida Railroad Commission.

May Mann Jennings

Championed women's suffrage, child labor laws, public education, and better treatment of the Seminole Indians.

Napoleon Bonaparte Broward

Governor from 1905 to 1909, who stood up for farmers and small businesses, advocating conservation and social welfare programs.

Vicente Martinez Ybor

Moved his cigar-making operations to Ybor City in Tampa in the 1880s due to tariff differences.

Henry Plant

Established a transportation network in Tampa and influenced the U.S. government to choose Tampa as the port of embarkation for the invasion of Cuba.

Sidney J. Catts

Governor of Florida elected in 1916 who campaigned against alcoholic drinks and Catholics, passing "Prohibition" in 1917.

Tamiami Trail

Connecting Tampa and Miami, completed in 1928 and facilitating transportation through the Everglades.

Carl Fisher

Developer who once offered land on Miami Beach for free, which later became extremely valuable during the land boom.

Rosewood

A rural African-American community that was destroyed in 1923 due to racial violence.

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Employed 50,000 young men in Florida between 1930 and 1939, focusing on reforestation and developing the state's timber industry.

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Employed 40,000 Floridians, constructing public buildings, roads, and schools.

Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings

Wrote about the local people in the interior of the state in the book The Yearling (1938), which won the Pulitzer Prize.

Ernest Hemingway

Purchased a house in Key West in 1935. His novel To Have and Have Not, published in 1937, had a Florida setting.

German U-boats

Attacked ships in Florida harbors and along its coasts during World War II.

Camp Blanding

Became the fourth-largest city in Florida during World War II due to military presence.

CIA

Secretly trained exiles in Florida to overthrow a socialist government in Guatemala and later, Cuban exiles to overthrow Fidel Castro.

Marielitos

Cubans who left Cuba from the port of Mariel in 1980 and were picked up by Cuban Americans in Miami

Kennedy Space Center

Became the destination for 90,000 acres on nearby Merritt Island in 1963, acquired to bring scientists to Florida turning Central Florida into the Space Coast.

James Weldon Johnson

An American author and activist that wrote the poem, "Lift Every Voice and Sing"

Harry T. Moore

An activist murdered by the Ku Klux Klan for registering voters and demanding equal pay for black and white schoolteachers.

Tallahassee Bus Boycott

Two African American Students refused to give up their seats leading to federal court striking down segregation on the bus.

Apollo 11

Marking a decade of change in what Florida history would become, with Civil Rights Movement and mass exodus from Cuba.

Tourism

Florida's largest industry due to its beaches, parks, and attraction sites.

Terrorism

Flight-trained terrorists responsible for crashing into the World Trade Center resided in Florida for years before impact.