ANES 501 Physics Lesson 1 MASTERY GUIDE 2025: 63 Expert-Curated Q&A with Detailed Rationales, Wave Principles, Equipment Safety, and Clinical Anesthesia Applications

Scientific notation

Method of expressing very large or very small numbers

scientific notation negative v positive

negative = decimal point is moved to the right

positive = decimal point is moved to the left

Multiplying w/ scientific notation

multiply coefficients and add the exponents

dividing with scientific notation

divide coefficients and subtract exponents

what is required for adding/subtracting w/ scientific notation

must be the same exponents

Correct order for operations (math)

PEMDAS

parenthesis

exponents

multiplication

division

addition

subtraction

1 kg = ___ g

1000 g

1 g = _____ mg

1000 mg

1 mg = ___ mcg

1000 mcg

1 mcg = ____ nanograms

1000 nano grams

1 atm = ____ lbs/inch = ____ mmHg

14.7 lbs/inch

760 mmHg

1 inch = ___ cm

2.54 cm

1 cm = _____ inch

0.394 inch

1 lbs = _____ kg

0.454 kg

1 kg = ____ lbs

2.22 lbs

What is the first step of an infusion rate calculation

must first determinet he concentration of the drug

concentration =

amount of drug added / volume of solution

What is the second step of infusion rate calculations

determine rate after you determine the concentration

1% = ____ mg/mL

10 mg/mL

1: 1000 = ____ mg/mL

1 mg/mL

C to F

C = 5/9 (F - 32)

F to C

F = 9/5C + 32

K to C

K = C + 273

When using ideal gas law what temperature unit should you always use?

kelvin

BMI calculation

kg/m2

BSA calculation

BAS = (cm x kg / 3600)^0.5

What are BSA calculations used to determine?

indices such as:

cardiac index

stroke work index

etc.

Unless the atm is given what should you assume it is

760 mmHg

how to convert to partial pressure

partial pressure = % concentration x 760 mmHg

How to convert partial pressure to %

% = (PP/760 mmHg) x 100

How to calculate MAP

MAP = (SBP + 2DBP) / 3

Why do you multiply DBP 2 x for MAP?

because the heart spends 2x as much time in D as S (assuming normal rate)

What is MAP

average pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries

Calculate perfusion pressures (systemic)

systemic perfusion pressure = MAP - CVP

What do prefusion pressures represent?

Forward force of flow of the organ minus the back force resisting the flow

calculate cerebral perfusion pressure

CPP = MAP - ICP

When can LV perfusion occur

only during diastole

Coronary perfusion pressure calculation

Coronary PP = DBP - LVEDP

What is systemic vascular resistance

Resistance to blood flow in the peripheral vascular system

Major determinant of SVR

arterial tone

What controls arterial tone

SNS and local metabolite accumulation

Normal range SVR

700 - 1600 dyne sec / cm^5

How do you convert from wood units to dynes

((MAP - CVP)/CO) x 80

Ohm's law

what is pH a reflection of

hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

pH <7.0

acidic

pH > 7.0

alkaline

How is pH defined

negative decimal logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

As pH falls what happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions

increases

normal pH

7.35-7.45

How to calculate pH based off hydrogen ion conentration 4 x 10^-8

- (log 4 + log 10^-8)

Fluid deficit calculation "rule"

__ : __ : __

4: 2: 1

4 ml/kg/hr for ifrst 10kg

2mL/kg/hr for 2nd 10 kg

1 mL/kg/hr every kg >20

How do you calculate fluid deficit

hourly req x # of NPO hours

Adult avg blood volume

70 mL/kg

child avg blood volume

80 mL/kg

infant avg blood volume

85 mL/kg

neonate avg blood volume

90 mL/kg

premature avg blood volume

100 mL/kg

How do you calculate maximal allowable blood loss

kg x blood vol x ((Hct0 - Hct1) / Hcta)

**Hct 0 = original

Hct 1 = lowest acceptable

Hact a = avg of 0 and 1

Calculation of pediatric ETT size

(age + 16) / 4

Calculation of ETT depth pediatric

(age/2) + 12

How much should ETT size be decreased by if a cuffed tube is used?

0.5 mm

LMA size calculation

size = (kg/5)^0.5

note: any fraction = round up to next size

Weight estimation in pediatric patients

kg = (age x 3) + 7