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19 Terms

1
Point source pollution
A singular, identifiable source of a pollutant, such as a smokestack or waste discharge pipe.
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2
Nonpoint source pollution
Pollution that comes from multiple, diffused sources, making it difficult to identify, such as urban runoff or pesticide spraying.
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3
LD50 (Lethal Dose 50%)
The dose of a chemical that is lethal to 50% of the population of a particular species.
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4
Photochemical smog
Air pollution formed by the reaction of sunlight with nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, often found in urban areas.
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5
Endocrine disruptors
Chemicals that can interfere with the endocrine system, potentially leading to birth defects and developmental disorders.
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6
Eutrophication
An increase in nutrients in aquatic ecosystems, often leading to algal blooms and oxygen depletion.
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7
Biomagnification
The increasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms as one moves up the food chain.
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8
Thermal inversion
A meteorological phenomenon where a layer of warmer air traps pollutants close to the ground, worsening air quality.
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9
Acid deposition
Deposited acidic substances, such as acid rain, resulting from nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides emissions.
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10
Greenhouse gases
Gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide that trap heat in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming.
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11
Ocean acidification
The decrease in pH of ocean waters due to increased carbon dioxide absorption, negatively impacting marine life.
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12
Great Pacific Garbage Patch
A vast area of the North Pacific Ocean where a large concentration of plastic and other debris accumulates.
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13
Kilowatt Hour (kWh)
A unit of energy equivalent to one kilowatt of power used for one hour.
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14
Noise pollution
Harmful or annoying levels of noise that can cause physiological stress or hearing loss.
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15
Coral bleaching
The loss of color in corals due to the expulsion of symbiotic algae, often caused by stress factors such as ocean warming.
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16
Minamata disease
A neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning, highlighted by the pollution of Minamata Bay.
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17
Three Gorges Dam
The world's largest dam, built on the Yangtze River in China, for hydroelectric power and flood control.
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18
Sanitary landfill
A site for the disposal of waste where contamination of the air, water, and soil is minimized.
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19
Geothermal energy
Energy generated from the heat stored beneath the Earth's surface, utilized for electricity and heating.
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