Buddhist and Hindu Architecture

Flashcards covering key architectural terms and concepts related to Buddhist and Hindu structures as presented in the lecture notes.

Buddhist Monasteries

Places where those practicing Buddhist meditation would withdraw, evolving from simple structures to elaborate halls carved out of rock.

Lomas Rishi Cave

A famous 3rd century BC cave in northeastern India, featuring a carved entrance designed to resemble wooden construction.

Sanchi Stupa

A significant 2nd century BC stupa located in Central India, known for its carvings and sculptures that remind worshipers of the Buddha's teachings.

Nirvana

A state of bliss free of desires, which the Buddha achieved, leading to his figure not being used in early Buddhist architecture.

Symbolism of Buddha's Presence

In early Buddhist architecture, the Buddha's presence was symbolized by an empty throne, a tree representing the one he meditated under, and his footprints.

Chaitya Hall

A Buddhist meeting or prayer hall, exemplified by the elaborate interior of the Karla Caves' hall carved out of a stone cliff.

Stupa

A shrine appearing in India by the 2nd century BC, shaped like a small burial mound, erected over grave sites holding relics of the Buddha or monks, designed for private meditation.

Hindu Temple Construction

Around the 6th century AD, Hindu builders began carving temples in caves, later progressing to constructing temples made of stone.

Temple of Vishnu

A temple built around 500 AD in central India, primarily intended as a residence for the god Vishnu rather than a large gathering place for worshippers.

Principal Hindu Gods

The three main Hindu gods: Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva.

Gupta Empire (300 to 600 AD)

The historical period during which statues of the meditating Buddha, sitting cross-legged, were perfected.