Elements & Applications

Scandium (Sc)

Similar to Al & Y, +3, found in uranium ore

Yittrium (Y)

Alloy, superconductor

Titanium (Ti)

Low density, high strength, +3, +4, similar to C and Si

Vanadium (V)

Catalyst for H2SO4, +2, +5

Chromium (Cr)

corrosive resistant, +2, +3, +6

Tungsten (W)

Biomolecule, light bulb

Manganese (Mn)

+2 … +7

Technetium (Tc)

No stable isotopes

Iron (Fe)

Most important, +2, +3

Cobalt (Co)

+2, +3, M-Co bonds, “goblin”

Nickel (Ni)

Stable, corrosive resistant

Palladium (Pd)

Catalyst, +2, +4

Copper (Cu)

Bronze (+ Tin (Sn)), Brass (+ Zinc(Zn)), corrosive resistant

Silver (Au)

Tarnishes, sterling (+ Cu), amalgam (+ Hg)

Gold (Au)

Malleable, corrosive resistant

Zinc (Zn)

Corrosive resistant, similar to Hg

Cadmium (Cd)

+2, nicad battery (anode)

Mercury (Hg)

+1 (Hg22), +2 (Hg2+), cinnabar

La

+3

Hydrogen (H)

0, +1, -1, 89% in universe, liquid hydrogen in space shuttle

Beryllium (Be)

high mp, harder, unreactive to H2O & air

Calcium (Ca)

concrete (CaO), chalk

Barium (Ba)

x-rays (BaSO4)

Aluminum (Al)

Most abundant in crust, strongest light metal, ruby(Cr3+), sapphire(Ti4+), Topaz(Fe3+)

Tin (Sn)

+2, +4, solder, pewter

Lead (Pb)

+2, +4, battery, ammo, piping

Helium (He)

LDF, diluent

Neon (Ne)

Neon lights

Argon (Ar)

3rd in air, radioactive dating

Krypton (Kr)

Measure worldwide nuclear activity

Fluorine (F)

Most reactive, HF (etch glass)

Oxygen (O)

O2, O3, 0, -1, -2

Sulfur (S)

Smells bad, H2So4, volcanized rubber, acid rain, chemical warfare

Polonium (Po)

Gramophone

Iodine (I)

Oxyacid

Potassium (K)

Low density, soft, weak

Gallium (Ga)

+1, +3, semi mental

Nitrogen (N)

N2(g) is stable, explosive, fertilizer, biological systems

Phosphorus (P)

+3, +5, white (P4 tetrahedral), red (P4 like polymer)

Boron (B)

B/w metal & nonmetal, hard, brittle, dopant in semiconductor, glassware

Carbon (C)

bond w/ anything, allotropes

Silicon (Si)

Dust, sand, glass, oils, rubber