01 Basics

Define management

• Process that brings together resources and unites them in a way that collectively achieves goals or objectives in the most efficient manner possible

• Modern Definition: Process that brings together resources and unites them in a way that collectively achieves goals or objectives in the most efficient manner possible

  • should focus on human capital

    • develop skills in workforce

    • build confidence in staff abilities

    • engage staff and encourage involvement in appropriate aspects of pharmacy operation

Managerial Sciences include…. (7) (HAF(ta) MOVE )

1. Human Resource Management

2. Accounting

3. Finance

4. Marketing

5. Operations Management

6. Value Creation

7. Economics

list some management opportunities for pharmacists:

• Manage patients: ensure pt experience is optimal, provide pt care services to improve care, develop strategies to meet pt needs

• Manage employees/colleagues: ensure staff has everything they need to be successful, develop strategies to improve targeted outcomes, lead the team (maximizing human capital)

Describe the effect modernization of the profession has had on
pharmacy management

• managers get limited training

  • limited/poor training → learning bad management strategies, never taught alternative approaches, create toxic environment, inability of managers to have growth

• staff pharmacists/employees are disengaging

• Often starts as an intern/tech/extern

  - Lack of mentor/management encouraging engagement

  - Lack commitment to ensuring positive perspectives of employees

Cite common traits of an effective leader and manager

Beyond traditional management concepts

• Manage patients

  • Ensure the patient experience is optimal

  • Provide patient care services to improve care (possibly)

  • Develop strategies to meet patient needs

• Manage employees/colleagues

  • Ensure staff has everything they need to be successful

  • Develop strategies to improve targeted outcomes

  • “Lead” your pharmacy team

What is the goal of pharmacy leadership?

Maximizing human capital

• motivating and engaging employees

  • in larger corps….

    • pharmacists feel that they have little voice

    • defer to “corporate” leadership

    • less independence

  • increases importance of managing motivation

    • personally

    • colleagues/employees

Differentiate between leadership and management: What makes a pharmacists/pharmacy manager a good leader?

You will need to combine your clinical knowledge, business acumen, and
interpersonal skills. There are many different skills, including the ability to:

• Motivate and engage others

• Establish performance standards

• Provide valuable feedback/goals

• Communicate

• Negotiate

• Solve problems and manage conflicts

What is leadership?

• Ability to mobilize and inspire others

• Process of influence to accomplish a common task

• The effectiveness of a leader is determined by the level of
  influence and outcomes of the decisions

Differentiate between leadership and management

Primary Focus of management: operational (doing things right)

• Implementing organizational programs

• Developing and managing workflow

• Hiring new employees and addressing day-to-day issues to motivate
  and engage staff

Primary Focus of leadership: ensure broad mission and vision are achieved (doing the right things)

• Max potential of each team member

• Empower others

• Foster an atmosphere of teamwork to achieve organizational goals

What is the Expectancy Theory?

Individuals are motivated to perform if they know that their extra performance is recognized and rewarded

• evaluate expectancy, valence, and instrumentality of different activities they perform

  • Expectancy: perceived likelihood that expending effort will lead to goal attainment

  • instrumentality: perceived likelihood that goal attainment will lead to desired outcomes

  • valence: desirability, attractiveness, importance, or anticipated satisfaction with outcomes associated with a goal

What is Emotional Intelligence?

ability to assess and manage your emotions and the emotions of others is critical

• know how to express emotions appropriately

• limit expression when it is more beneficial

• read the room

  • understand other’s emotions

  • properly respond those emotional needs

Importance of emotional intelligence as a pharmacy manager?

pharmacy manager needs to balance of traditional and emotional intelligence

• Traditional intelligence contributes to problem-solving and analytical thinking.

• Emotional intelligence, including self-awareness, empathy, and the ability to manage personal and professional relationships, is also important

Describe “Collins’s hierarchy of leadership”

• Level 1: highly capable individual

• Level 2: Contributing team member

• Level 3: Competent Mangager

• Level 4: Effective Leader

• Level 5: Executive

Describe Level 1 of “Collins’s hierarchy of leadership”

Highly Capable Individual: talent, knowledge, skills, good habits

Describe Level 2 of “Collins’s hierarchy of leadership”

Contributing Team Member: Achieve of group objectives and work effectively with others

Describe Level 3 of “Collins’s hierarchy of leadership”

Competent Manager: Efficiently and effectively organize resources and people to achieve predefined objectives

Describe Level 4 of “Collins’s hierarchy of leadership”

Effective Leader: Goes beyond managing resources and looks to inspire and motivate people towards a common vision

Describe Level 5 of “Collins’s hierarchy of leadership”

Executive: Combines the capabilities of levels 1-5 displaying humility and professional will

Describe different leadership styles (5)

1. Affiliative - relationship and team building

2. Autocratic - Independent decision making

3. Democratic - Facilitate input from members of org

4. Laissez-faire - provide resources, but little direction

5. Transformational - use societal and spiritual values to bolster performance and motivation

6. Servant - meet needs of those they lead and help them grow

Evaluating different leadership and management styles based on various pharmacy-specific scenarios

1. management/leadership position

   1. Specific styles may work better

   2. Most employers do not dictate a specific leadership style for managers

   3. Mastering multiple styles will allow you to shift as necessary

2. employee position

   1. Understanding your mentors/leader's style will help…

      1. better understand how to interact with the manager

      2. how to best engage as team member

Assess individual roles in developing management strategies: Developing your leadership potential

• Pursue leadership roles within community organizations

• Volunteer for leadership roles within professional organizations

• Find one or more mentors

• Ask for difficult assignments

• Stay informed

• Observe others

• Read about leaders

• Take leadership tests and inventories

• Develop emotional intelligence

• Do not wait to be ready