Organizing

What is organizing?

Assigning tasks, people, and coordination.

Why organize?

Efficiency, coordination, achieve goals.

Job design?

Grouping tasks into a job.

Job description?

List of duties and responsibilities.

5 core job dimensions?

Skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, feedback.

Skill variety?

Uses different skills.

Task identity?

Completes a whole job.

Task significance?

Job impacts others/organization.

Autonomy?

Freedom to make decisions.

Feedback?

Information on performance.

Classical perspective?

Efficiency & specialization.

Behavioral perspective?

Motivation & satisfaction.

Employee-centered?

Employees help design work.

Team-centered?

Work done by self-managed teams.

Job enlargement?

More tasks.

Job enrichment?

More responsibility & authority.

Job rotation?

Move between similar jobs.

Job scope?

Number of tasks.

Job depth?

Level of control over work.

Chain of command?

Flow of authority.

Unity of command?

One employee, one boss.

Span of control?

Employees under one manager.

Narrow span?

Few employees, close supervision.

Wide span?

Many employees, less supervision.

Line department?

Directly produces goods/services.

Staff department?

Supports line departments.

Authority?

Right to make decisions.

Formal authority?

Power from position.

Informal authority?

Power from skills/personality.

Responsibility?

Duty to perform tasks.

Accountability?

Answerable for results.

Delegation?

Assign authority and responsibility.

Benefits of delegation?

Empowers staff, faster decisions, develops skills.

Why managers don't delegate?

No time, no trust, insecurity.

Delegate effectively?

Right person, clear instructions, transfer authority.

Specialization?

Focus on one task.

Advantage of specialization?

Higher efficiency.

Disadvantage of specialization?

Boredom.

Job enlargement vs enrichment?

More tasks vs more authority.

Authority vs responsibility?

Right to decide vs duty to perform.

Line vs staff?

Direct operations vs support.