Inflammation and Tissue Repair

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary terms and definitions related to inflammation, tissue repair, and age-related changes discussed in the lecture notes.

Inflammatory mediators

Substances like histamine and cytokines that coordinate vascular and cellular responses.

Chemotaxis

The directional movement of immune cells toward the site of injury.

Granulation tissue

New vascularized tissue that forms during the healing process.

Fibroblast

A connective tissue cell that secretes collagen and helps build extracellular matrix.

Keloid

Excessive scar formation from overproduction of collagen.

Diapedesis

Movement of immune cells through the endothelial wall to reach injured tissue.

Granuloma

A nodular area of chronic inflammation enclosing harmful substances.

Acute inflammation

The body’s initial response to injury characterized by vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.

Chronic inflammation

Long-lasting inflammation that can lead to tissue damage and fibrosis.

Sarcopenia

Age-related loss of muscle mass and function.

Osteoporosis

Decreased bone density and strength, increasing fracture risk.

Braden Scale

Tool used to assess pressure injury risk based on sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear.

ROM (Range of Motion)

Measurement of the movement around a joint.

Pressure Injury (Ulcer)

Localized skin and soft tissue damage, typically over a bony prominence.

Kyphosis

Curvature of the spine often seen with vertebral compression fractures.

Labile cells

Cells that constantly divide and regenerate; examples include skin and mucosal cells.

Stable cells

Cells that do not regularly divide but can proliferate in response to injury; examples include liver and kidney cells.

Permanent cells

Cells that do not divide; examples include neurons and cardiac muscle cells.